蛋白质激发子Hrip1对小麦黄矮病的诱抗作用

小麦黄矮病是由大麦黄矮病毒（barley yellow dwarf virus，BYDV）引起的一种小麦病毒病，其传播介体是小麦蚜虫，在小麦生产中造成巨大的经济损失。近年来，植物诱导抗性作为一种新兴的植物病虫害防治措施引起了广泛的关注。蛋白质激发子Hrip1可以激活多种植物的免疫防御反应诱导植物产生广谱抗性。本研究评价了Hrip1对小麦黄矮病的诱抗效果。用30 μg/mL的Hrip1溶液进行小麦浸种和幼苗喷雾，随后接种BYDV，接种后第14 d，Hrip1对小麦黄矮病控制效果在50%以上，接种后第21 d控制效果仍在30%以上。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示，在Hrip1处理的小麦幼苗体内，BYDV外壳蛋白mRNA的数量显著低于对照组；EPG结果显示，在Hrip1处理的小麦幼苗上，麦二叉蚜寻找叶片刺吸位点和韧皮部取食位点的时间增加。以上结果表明：Hrip1能够有效地抑制BYDV在小麦体内的增殖；影响传毒媒介麦二叉蚜的取食行为，抑制其传毒能力。此外，Hrip1处理小麦能有效缓解BYDV引起的叶片黄化和植株矮化的症状。因此，Hrip1可以作为生物诱导剂综合控制小麦黄矮病。

Protein Elicitor Hrip1 Functions in Controlling Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus in Wheat

Wheat yellow dwarf disease is caused by barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), which is transmitted by wheat aphid and causing huge loss in agriculture. Nowadays, induced resistance has aroused great discussion as a new measure to control plant pathogens and herbivores. Protein elicitor Hrip1 induced defense response in various plants, leading to broad spectrum resistance. In this study, we evaluated the control efficiency of Hrip1 against BYDV. Wheat seeds and seedlings were soaked and sprayed with 30 μg/mL Hrip1, respectively, and then inoculated with BYDV. The control efficiency of Hrip1 against BYDV was over 50% at 14^th day after BYDV inoculation and over 30% at 21^th day after BYDV inoculation. Q-RT-PCR test showed that mRNA quantity of BYDV coat protein was less in Hrip1 treated wheat seedlings than that of control. EPG test showed that Schizaphis graminum performed longer time to find probe site on leaf surface and feeding site in phloem on Hrip1 treated wheat seedings. These results suggested that Hrip1 is efficient in inhibiting BYDV proliferation, and affecting feeding behavior of S. graminum, futher more reducing virus transmission ability of S. graminum. Additionally, Hrip1 weakened the symptom of dwarf and yellow in wheat seedlings caused by BYDV. In conclusion, Hrip1 could be a biological agent to integrately control BYDV.