紫蓬山国家森林公园虫生真菌物种多样性与分布特点

本文系统研究了紫蓬山虫生真菌资源概况。共采集分离获得436株虫生真菌，鉴定为6属13种，其中优势种为环链棒束孢、蝉棒束孢、球孢白僵菌和玫烟色棒束孢，4种优势种占所有菌株的89.23%。对其虫生真菌季节变化和分布特点进行研究发现，虫生真菌数量丰富但物种多样性指数较低；夏季和晚春虫生真菌最为丰富，随着气温及降雨量的下降，菌株数量逐渐下降；不同季节环链棒束孢、蝉棒束孢和球孢白僵菌的数量波动大，但玫烟色棒束孢波动较小。环链棒束孢、蝉棒束孢和玫烟色棒束孢主要分布于阔叶林中，对单一生境的依赖性较强；而球孢白僵菌主要分布于针叶林中。本研究明确了紫蓬山虫生真菌的物种多样性和分布特点，为进一步开发生物农药奠定基础。

Species Diversity and Distribution Characteristics of Entomogenous Fungi in Zipeng Mountain National Forest Park

An investigation of entomopathogenic fungi from four categories of community structure forests in Zipeng Mountain National Forest Park in Anhui was conducted from 2015 through 2016. All strains of entomogenous fungi were preliminarily identified to species using characteristics of colony morphology, fruiting body and spores. With a total of 436 fungal isolates were obtained, with13 species belonging to six genera. Isaria cateniannulata, I. cicadae, Beauveria bassiana and I. fumosorosea were the dominant species of entomogenous fungi, accounting for 89.23% of the collection. The entomogenous fungi were high in abundance but low in species diversity. The abundance of each species was the highest in summer and late spring. With the decrease of temperature and rainfall, the abundance decreased gradually. I. cateniannulata, I. cicadae and B. bassiana showed a greater seasonal fluctuation in abundance than I. fumosorosea. I. cateniannulata, I. cicadae and I. fumosorosea mainly distributed in the broad-leaf forest, and were strongly dependent on the single habitat, while B. bassiana mainly distributed in the coniferous forest. The study has clarified the entomogenous fungi species diversity and distribution characteristics in Zipeng Mountains, which serves the basis for the development of biological pesticide.