魟鳟鱼传染性胰脏坏死病毒的分离与鉴定

辽宁某种鱼场从日本引进魟鳟鱼发眼卵,鱼苗上浮时暴发流行病,发病急,死亡快,死亡率达90％以上,连续几年春季鱼苗上浮时,都有这种急性传染病发生,死亡非常严重,有时上浮的稚鱼全部死亡,致使该场几年鱼苗生产中断,造成严重的经济损失。1989年,我们进行了流行病学和病原学的调查,用CHSE—214细胞从发病濒死的稚鱼中分离到一株传染性胰脏坏死病毒(Infectious Pancre-atie Necrosis Virus简称IPNV),其形态学特性、理化特性和生物学特性与国内外IPNV的相关报道基本一致。新分离的IPNV(代号IPNV—5)在CHSE、PG、RIG—2等细胞上增殖良好,且可引起良好的病变,病毒滴度达10~(5.5)TCID_(50)/0.05ml,通过血清中和试验和ELISA检测,新分离的病毒可鉴定为IPNV—SP株,病毒对乙醚不敏感,耐酸,耐碱,对热比较稳定,0.5％的胰蛋白酶不能完全灭活,病毒的复制不受FUDR的抑制,电镜观察病毒粒子存在细胞质中,病毒颗粒呈二十面体,无囊膜,直径为67nm,属RNA病毒。将分离到的病毒回归健康的魟鳟稚鱼苗,有明显的感染力并能复制出与天然发病时相同的症状和死亡率,将死亡鱼病料接种CHSE细胞回收到了IPNV。

Isolation and Identification of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus of Rainbow Trout

An epidemic fish disease with a mortaliy over 90 percent outbroke during fry period in a fish farm, which had imported raibow trout roe from Japan, in Liaonin province. The acute disease resulted in servere economic loss. Epidemiology and aetiology of the disease were investygated. A viral isolate was obtained by tissus culture using CHSE -24 cells and identified as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (code IPNV-SP strain) by serum neutralization test and ELISA test. Biophysical and biochemical property studies showed that the virus is ether-insensitive, acid -fast, alkali - tolerant and heat-stable. Its replication is not prohibited by FUDR. Electro-microscopy indicated that the virion is present in cytoplasm with a diameter, of 67nm.