基于高通量测序及分离培养初步研究美国大豆中真菌多样性

中国是全球最大的大豆进口国,进境大豆所携带的病原真菌传入我国的风险极高。基于高通量测序技术对6批美国大豆真菌多样性进行分析,同时采用分离培养获得单一菌株,依据菌落形态、显微结构及分子技术进行鉴定。高通量测序结果显示,大豆中所有真菌共计5门15纲35目63科112属155种,主要为链格孢属(Alternaria)、球腔菌科(Mycosphaerellaceae)、小戴卫霉科(Davidiellaceae)、小囊菌科(Plectosphaerellaceae)、赤霉属(Gibberella)、附球霉属(Epicoccum)、间座壳属(Diaporthe)、隐球菌属(Cryptococcus)。分离培养结果显示,得到真菌共计40株10种,分别是大豆北方茎溃疡病菌(Diaporthe phaseolorum var.caulivora)、大豆南方茎溃疡病菌(Diaporthe phaseolorum var.meridionalis)、大豆拟茎点种腐病菌(Diaporthe longicolla/Phomopsis longicolla)、大豆炭腐病菌(Macrophomina phaseolina)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、菌核菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)、镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.)、附球菌(Epicoccum sp.)、交链孢菌(Alternaria sp.)、小双胞腔菌(Didymella sp.)。

Preliminary study on fungal diversity in US soybean based on high throughput sequencing and culture methodology

China is the largest soybean importing country in the world,therefore the risk of pathogenic fungi entering into China carried by imported soybeans is high.Based on the high-throughput sequencing(HTS)technology,the fungal diversity of six batches of US soybean was analyzed.Every single strain was isolated and cultured and identifications were given based on colony morphology,microstructure and molecular technology.The HTS results showed that there were 155 species of fungi belonging to 112 genera,63 families,35 orders,15 classes and 5 phyla in soybean,mainly including Alternaria,Mycosphaerellaceae,Davidiellaceae,Plectosperlaceae,Gibberella,Epicoccum,Diaporthe and Cryptococcus.The culture results showed that there were 40 strains and 10 species of fungi,including Diaporthe phaseolorum var.caulivora,Diaporthe phaseolorum var.meridionali,Diaporthe longicolla/Phomopsis longicolla,Macrophomina phaseolina,Fusarium oxysporum,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,Fusarium sp.,Epicoccum sp.,Alternaria sp.,Didymella sp..