鳜不同养殖模式水质因子变化规律和微生物制剂调节技术研究

该文采用生态学试验方法,对鳜池塘和大棚养殖模式的水质变化规律进行了调查分析,同时采用不同微生态制剂商品(光合细菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌)对鳜养殖水体水质调节效果进行了研究。结果显示,整个鳜养殖周期(苗种至商品鱼),大棚养殖模式水体温度、溶氧、pH值与池塘养殖模式无明显区别;大棚养殖模式三氮(铵态氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮)变化规律与池塘养殖模式大致相同,但大部分时间前者水体含量较高;大棚养殖模式水体总磷含量高于池塘养殖模式,且总磷最高值出现时间较池塘养殖模式推迟了近1个月。光合细菌对鳜养殖水体氨氮、亚硝态氮以及总氮整体调控效果最佳;枯草芽孢杆菌对降低硝态氮和亚硝态氮有良好的效果;乳酸菌对养殖后期降低水体pH值有一定的作用。结论:相对于鳜池塘养殖模式,大棚养殖模式氮磷物质循环转化效率较低,合理搭配使用微生物制剂调节水质养殖效果更佳,同时需注意不良天气对微生态制剂使用效果的影响。

Study on the variation of water quality factors and microbial preparation regulation technology in different Siniperca chuatsi breeding modes

The changes of water quality in the ponds and greenhouses cultured Siniperca chuatsi were investigated and analyzed by the ecological experiment method in this study. Meanwhile, the regulation effects of different microecological products(photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria) on the water quality cultured S. chuatsi were studied. The results showed that there was no significant difference in water temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH between the greenhouse culture mode and the pond culture mode throughout the breeding cycle of S. chuatsi(from seedling to commercial fish). The change rule of three nitrogen(ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen) in greenhouse culture mode was roughly the same as that in pond culture mode, but the former had higher content in most of the time. The total phosphorus content of greenhouse culture mode was higher than that in pond culture mode, and its the maximum value of total phosphorus was delayed by nearly one month. Photosynthetic bacteria had the best overall regulation effect on ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and total nitrogen in mandarin fish culture water. Bacillus subtilis had good effect on reducing nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen. Lactic acid bacteria had certain improvement ability to reduce water pH in the later period of culture. In conclusion, compared with the pond culture mode of mandarin fish, the circular conversion efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus substances in the greenhouse culture mode was lower, and the reasonable use of microecological preparations to regulate water quality was more effective. At the same time,it was necessary to pay attention to the influence of adverse weather on the effect of probiotics.