不同基质构建海水养殖系统硝化功能的比较分析

为比较不同基质构建海水养殖系统硝化功能的强弱,选取纤维毛球、陶粒、螺旋式生物绳等7种基质,其中陶粒、流化床填料、纤维毛球采取不同放置方式,共建立14个模拟海水养殖系统,比较不同基质硝化功能建立过程以及同种基质不同放置方式对氨氮和亚硝氮的去除效果。结果表明,单位体积珊瑚骨的氨氧化活性和亚硝酸盐氧化活性高于其他载体,在氨氮初始浓度20 mg/L条件下,氨氮和亚硝氮降解至检测不出分别需要3 d和11 d,而纤维毛球、陶粒、螺旋式生物绳、流化床填料、丝带内芯悬浮球、海绵内芯悬浮球硝化系统的建立分别需要18、26、30、25、27和22 d。纤维毛球100目筛绢悬挂、陶粒网兜悬挂、流化床填料100目筛绢悬挂优于其他放置方式,其中纤维毛球100目筛绢悬挂硝化功能建立时间为18 d,效果最优,流化床填料100目筛绢悬挂、陶粒网兜悬挂硝化系统建立分别需要21、24 d。

Comparative analysis of nitrification function of marine aquaculture system constructed with different substrates

In order to compare the nitrification function of different substrates in mariculture system,fourteen simulated mariculture systems were established by different placement methods of fibre ball, ceramsite, spiral biological rope, fluidized bed filler, suspension ball in ribbon core, suspension ball in sponge core and coral bone, and 14 simulated mariculture systems were established by adding nitrifying bacteria. Establishments of nitrification function of matrices and removals of ammonia and nitrous nitrogen by different placement methods of the same matrix were compared. The results showed that the ammonia oxidation activity and nitrite oxidation activity of corals per unit volume were higher than those of other matrices,which took 3 and 11 days respectively to degradate ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen to an undetectable level with the initial concentration of 20 mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, while the establishments of nitrification system for fibre ball, ceramsite, spiral biological rope, fluidized bed packing, suspension ball with inner core of ribbon and suspension ball with inner core of sponge needed 18, 26, 30, 25, 27 and 22 days, respectively. The suspension of fibre ball with 100 mesh sieve, ceramsite in string bag and fluidized bed packing with with 100 mesh sieve were better than other methods. The nitrification function of fibre ball with 100 mesh sieve was established in 18 days, and the effect was the best. It took 21 and 24 days to establish the nitration system for fluidized bed packing with 100 mesh sieve and ceramsite in string bag respectively.