Microbial intervention for better fish health in aquaculture: the Indian scenario |
| |
Authors: | A Panigrahi I S Azad |
| |
Institution: | (1) KRC of CIBA (Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture), Kakdwip, West Bengal, 743-347, India;(2) Mariculture and Fisheries Department, Kuwait Institute of Scientific Research, P.O. Box 1638, Salmiya, 22017, Kuwait |
| |
Abstract: | Aquaculture has evolved as the fastest growing food-producing sector and developed as an important component in food security.
To keep a sustainable growth pattern, health management strategies must go beyond antibiotics and chemotherapeutics, which
create resistant bacteria and immunosuppression in the host. Besides development of drug resistant bacteria and pathogens,
the adverse effect of antibiotics is caused by their influence on the aquatic microflora, and the retention of harmful residues
in aquatic animals. On the other hand, the microbes with their unique structure and cell wall components can trigger immunity,
and thus exposure plays an important role in the evolution. Microbial intervention through an environmentally friendly approach
is an alternative method of health management. India is endowed with a bounty of varied climatic conditions, microbial diversity
and fish fauna and aquaculture systems offering challenges in biological and environmental pursuits. Producing about 4.4%
of world’s fish and ranking third in global fish production, India trades about 2.4% in global fish market with the annual
export earning being over $1311 million. Use of microbes for beneficial purposes is increasingly recognized as a valuable
input for sustainable and responsible aquaculture. Microbial intervention in aquaculture can be broadly water/environment
based through bioaugmentation, biostimulation, biocontrol measures, or (to generate) host response through probiotics, immunostimulants,
and vaccines. Also, application of molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleic acid techniques are
making increasing inroads into aquatic microbiological research in India. This paper elucidates all these aspects of microbial
intervention in aquaculture, high-lighting Indian research and accomplishments. |
| |
Keywords: | Bioaugmentation Biocontrol Biostimulation Immunostimulants Probiotics Vaccines |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|