Biotechnology applied to fish reproduction: tools for conservation |
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| Authors: | Diógenes Henrique de Siqueira-Silva Taiju Saito Amanda Pereira dos Santos-Silva Raphael da Silva Costa Martin Psenicka George Shigueki Yasui |
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| Institution: | 1.UNIFESSPA - Federal University of South and Southeast of Para - Institute for Health and Biological Studies - IESB, Faculty of Biology – FACBIO, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Behavior,Marabá,Brazil;2.Nishiura Station, South Ehime Fisheries Research Center,Ehime University,Ainan,Japan;3.PPG Biological Sciences, Zoology,UNESP - Paulista State University,Botucatu,Brazil;4.PPG in Animal Biology,UNESP – Paulista State University,S?o José do Rio Preto,Brazil;5.Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters,University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice,Vodnany,Czech Republic;6.Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Fish,Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation,Pirassununga,Brazil |
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| Abstract: | This review discusses the new biotechnological tools that are arising and promising for conservation and enhancement of fish production, mainly regarding the endangered and the most economically important species. Two main techniques, in particular, are available to avoid extinction of endangered fish species and to improve the production of commercial species. Germ cell transplantation technology includes a number of approaches that have been studied, such as the transplantation of embryo-to-embryo blastomere, embryo-to-embryo differentiated PGC, larvae to larvae and embryo differentiated PGC, transplantation of spermatogonia from adult to larvae or between adults, and oogonia transplantation. However, the success of germ cell transplantation relies on the prior sterilization of fish, which can be performed at different stages of fish species development by means of several protocols that have been tested in order to achieve the best approach to produce a sterile fish. Among them, fish hybridization and triploidization, germline gene knockdown, hyperthermia, and chemical treatment deserve attention based on important results achieved thus far. This review currently used technologies and knowledge about surrogate technology and fish sterilization, discussing the stronger and the weaker points of each approach. |
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