三倍体湘云鲫及其亲本线粒体DNA的比较研究

用人工选育的异源四倍体鲫鲤（♂）与白鲫（♀）杂交获得具有明显生长优势的三倍体湘云鲫。采用差速离心和核酸酶处理等方法，从三倍体、白鲫和异源四倍体鲫鲤肝组织中提取线粒体DNA，并用9种限制性内切酶进行单酶酶切分析。经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后计算出各酶切片段的大小，测得三倍体、白鲫和异源四倍体鲫鲤mtDNA的分子大小分别为16．24kb、16．60kb和16．20kb。根据各单倍型间的酶切片段共享度，估算出3个群体间的遗传距离，说明了mtDNA母系遗传的特性。

Comparative studies on mitochondrial DNA from triploid crucian carp and its parents (allotetraploid hybrids of crucian carp and common carp,

The triploid crucian carp, with obvious advantage in growth, wasobtained by crossing allotetraploid hybrids(♂) from offsprings(F3～F9)of red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var.)(♂) ×common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) (♀), and C.auratus cuvieri (♀). The mitochonodrial DNA (mtDNA) of liver were isolated from the triploids, Japanese crucian carp (C. auratus cuvieri) and allotetraploid hybrids by means of density gradient centrifugation, DNase I and RNase digestion, and were digested by 9 kinds of restriction endonucleases. By analysis of agrose gel electrophoresis, the sizes of mtDNA fragments were estimated that the mtDNA sizes of triploids, C. auratuscuvieri and allotetraploid hybrids were 16.24×103, 16.60×103 and 16.30×103bp, respectively, and the genetic distances among mtDNA haploidy types in the 3 populations were calculated according to the numbers of common fragments that they had the matrilinear inheritence character of mtDNA.