池塘养殖刀鲚卵巢发育的形态及组织学研究

采用石蜡连续组织切片和扫描电镜技术,对池塘养殖刀鲚(Coilia nasus)卵巢的各个发育阶段进行了形态和组织学研究,并对卵母细胞各个时相的形态特征进行了较为详细的描述,分析了刀鲚卵巢发育的周年变化规律和产卵类型.结果显示,刀鲚卵巢发育可为6个时期:Ⅰ期卵巢较细,呈线状,长约25 mm,以卵原细胞向初级卵母细胞过渡的细胞为主.Ⅱ期卵巢细柱状,长为40～50 mm,外观呈浅肉红色至肉黄色,2时相卵母细胞占92%以上;Ⅲ期卵巢呈肉色直至浅青色,长55～65 mm,中部逐渐膨大,细胞处于初级卵母细胞的大生长期,由2～4时相卵母细胞组成,其中3时相卵母细胞占60%～75%,出现油滴;Ⅳ期卵巢青色直至灰色,体积急剧增大,呈囊状,约占体腔的2/3,肠大部分被掩盖,肉眼可见增大的卵粒,晚期可见游离的卵粒,细胞处于初级卵母细胞发育的晚期,油滴充满细胞,第4时相卵细胞占86%以上,最大卵径482 μm;V期卵巢柔软膨大,占据腹部绝大部分,外观呈玉绿色,卵粒充满卵巢,清晰易辨,细胞中卵黄和原生质表现出明显的极化现象,核膜消失,卵径为750～900μm;Ⅵ期卵巢为酱紫色,体积明显减小且松软,卵巢腔萎缩,以空的滤泡细胞和2时相细胞为主.刀鲚繁殖高峰期在4-6月,10月中、下旬起卵巢重新进入Ⅱ期,直到翌年2月都停留在Ⅱ期,3月下旬部分刀鲚卵巢开始重新发育.研究表明,刀鲚属一次产卵类型的鱼类,但个体间卵巢发育差异显著,产卵持续时间较长.

Morphological and histological studies on ovary development of Coilia nasus under artificial farming conditions

We studied the ovary development stages of Coilia nasus,described the characteristics of different stages of oocyte,and analyzed the ovary annual variation and spawning pattern.These stages were recorded using histological and scanning electron microscopy.Results showed that ovary development could be divided into six stages.The first stage: long and thread-shaped ovary had an average length of 25 mm and its oocytes were mainly transiting to primary oocytes.The second stage: ovary was cylindrical in shape w...