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小黄鱼体长-体质量关系和肥满度的年际变化
引用本文:李忠炉,金显仕,单秀娟,戴芳群.小黄鱼体长-体质量关系和肥满度的年际变化[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(3):602-610.
作者姓名:李忠炉  金显仕  单秀娟  戴芳群
作者单位:1. 中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071;山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071;中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
2. 山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071
基金项目:国家863计划项目,国家自然科学基金资助项目,山东省泰山学者专项基金资助项目
摘    要:根据1960-2010年渤海和黄海南部春季(4-5月)14个航次底拖网调查资料,采用体长对应平均体质量的方法和相对体质量法,按性别逐年拟合小黄鱼黄海北部-渤海群系和黄海南部群系雌雄群体的体长-体质量关系,计算肥满度,并分析其影响因子.结果显示,在多数年份内,小黄鱼雌雄个体间体长-体质量关系参数b无显著性差异(P>0.05);参数a和b呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),lga与b的比值受环境影响较小,可能与鱼体密度有关.小黄鱼黄海北部-渤海群系雌雄群体从1960年到2004年以等速生长为主,与1960年相比,参数b在资源严重衰退期和资源恢复初期(1982-1993年)有所增大;黄海南部群系雌雄群体从1960年到2010年以负异速生长为主,参数b在资源严重衰退期和资源恢复初期(1986-1994年)呈减小趋势,20世纪90年代后期开始逐渐升高.小黄鱼黄海北部-渤海群系雌雄群体的肥满度从1960年到2004年总体呈减小趋势;黄海南部群系雌雄群体1986年的肥满度极显著小于对应群体1960年的肥满度(P<0.01),此后略有升高,但年间差异不显著(P>0.05).分析认为,在较好的饵料条件下,相对较低的捕捞压力是20世纪80-90年代初期小黄鱼黄海北部-渤海群系雌雄群体呈等速生长的主要原因:而持续的高捕捞压力引起群体中低龄鱼比例增加、体长生长速度加快是黄海南部群系呈负异速生长的主要原因.个体性成熟年龄减小是小黄鱼肥满度呈下降趋势的主要原因,但黄海伏季休渔管理和春季南黄海较高的水温,可能是20世纪90年代中期开始小黄鱼黄海南部群系各群体肥满度略有升高的原因.

关 键 词:小黄鱼  体长-体质量关系  肥满度  年际变化  影响因子
修稿时间:2011/5/9 0:00:00

Inter-annual changes on body weight-length relationship and relative fatness of small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis)
LI Zhonglu,JIN Xianshi,SHAN Xiujuan,DAI Fangqun.Inter-annual changes on body weight-length relationship and relative fatness of small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis)[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2011,18(3):602-610.
Authors:LI Zhonglu  JIN Xianshi  SHAN Xiujuan  DAI Fangqun
Institution:1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266
Abstract:Based on data from 14 bottom trawl surveys in the Bohai Sea and the southern Yellow Sea during spring (from April to May) of 1960−2004 and spring of 1960−2010, inter-annual changes on body weight-length relationship () and relative fatness of two geographical stocks of small yellow croaker the northern Yellow Sea-Bohai Sea stock (NYBS) and the southern Yellow Sea stock (SYS)] and their impact factors were analyzed. was linearly regressed by logarithm-transformed body length and its corresponding mean body weight; relative fatness was computed by relative weight by years, sex and stocks. The results showed that the allometric factor() was not significantly different between sexes in most years, and significantly negative correlations (b in two stocks. The (lg ratio may be connected with fish body density, and its value was little influenced by environment. The values almost approached 3, which indicated isometric growth in the NYBS stock in most surveys from 1960 to 2004, and they increased during the regression stage and the early recovery stage of the stock (1982−1993). However, most of <0.05), indicating strongly negative-allometric growth in the SYS stock from 1960 to 2010, and they decreased during the regression stage and the early recovery stage of the stock (1986−1994), then increased since the late 1990s. The highest relative fatness of small yellow croaker was found in 1960 in the two stocks. The fatness clearly decreased in total from 1960 to 2004 in both male and female fish in the NYBS stock, and it significantly declined from 1960 to 1986 in the SYS stock (<0.05), then slightly and insignificantly increased since the mid-1990s in both male and female fish in the SYS stock (>0.05). According to analysis, based on better food conditions, the relative low fishing pressure was the main reason for the isometric growth of the NYBS during the 1980s and the early 1990s; and the continually heavy fishery increased the proportion of low age fish and the growth speed in the SYS, which may be the main reasons for the negative-allometric growth of the stock. The decrease in age at maturity may be the reason of the decline in the relative fatness in both stocks, but the closed seasons and the relative higher water temperature in the southern Yellow Sea made the relative fatness increase since the mid-1990s in the SYS.
Keywords:Larimichthys polyactis  body weight-length relationship  relative fatness  inter-annual change  impact  factor
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