大型藻类在综合海水养殖系统中的生物修复作用

减少水产养殖自身对环境的负面影响是维持水产业持续健康发展的关键所在。大型藻类生物滤器可以有效地吸收、利用养殖环境中多余的营养物质，从而减轻养殖废水对环境的影响，并提高养殖系统的经济输出，被广泛应用于鱼、虾和贝类等的综合养殖系统中，是控制水体富营养化、增进食品安全和对污染水体进行生物修复的有效措施之一。本研究概述了大型藻类生物滤器用于养殖废水生物修复和环境控制的原理、依据、研究现状、修复效果以及应用大型藻类生物滤器产生的效益和存在的问题。

Bioremediation capability of large-sized seaweed in integrated mariculture ecosystem:A review

Mariculture has become one of the most important industries in China.The rapid development of mariculture has aroused increasing concern over its impacts on water environment of coastal waters.Reducing negative environmental impacts from mariculture activities is a key issue to ensure healthy and sustainable development of this industry.In recent years,large-sized seaweed biofilters are applied world-widely into integrated culture systems of fish,shrimp and bivalve.In the integrated system,the wastes of one resource user (animals) become resources for the others (seaweeds).Such a balanced ecosystem approach provides nutrient bioremediation capability,mutual benefits to the cocultured organisms,and economic diversification by producing other value-added marine crops;they can also improve food security and increase profitability per cultivation unit for the aquaculture industry.Integrating seaweeds into fish/shrimp aquaculture not only counterbalances nutrient inputs efficiently but also alters other metabolic aspects,such as dissolved oxygen,pH and CO_2 levels.In this paper,the bioremediation capability and application of large-sized seaweeds are reviewed.