虾夷马粪海胆早期生长发育的遗传力估计

以虾夷马粪海胆(Strongylocentrotus intermedius)为亲本，采用不平衡巢式设计方法和人工授精技术，每个雄性海胆配5个雌性海胆，每个雌性个体产生若干幼体，构成了11个父系半同胞家系和35个母系全同胞家系，分别测定了每个母系孵化后生长到3月龄和5月龄的全同胞幼海胆40-50个后代的体重和壳径，应用数量遗传学原理和半同胞组内相关分析法研究了虾夷马粪海胆早期生长发育性状的遗传力。结果表明，3月龄和5月龄的海胆体重的狭义遗传力估计值为0．339-0．523，壳径的狭义遗传力估计值为0．316-0．487。分析结果显示，雌性遗传方差组分均显著大于雄性遗传方差组分，雌性遗传方差组分存在显著的母性效应，表明由雄性遗传方差组分估计的遗传力准确可取，父系半同胞组内相关法计算的狭义遗传力是遗传力的无偏估计值。

Heritability of juvenile growth for the sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius

The parents Strongylocentrotus intermedius were employed and the method of unbalanced nest design and an artificial insemination technique were used. Eleven half-sib groups and thirty five full-sib groups of the sea urchins were obtained by the design that each male mated with 5 females so that each female could reproduce many larvae. The wet body weight (mg) and test diameter ( cm) of the young were measured in 3 and 5 months after the metamorphosis (n =40-50). The maternal component estimates were significantly larger than the paternal component estimates for both weight and diameter at both ages. The greater maternal components suggest the large non-additive genetic effects that could not be differentiated from the available data. The estimates of heritability in the narrow sense calculated from the additive genetic component using a paternal half-sib correlation analysis ranged from 0. 339 to 0.523 for wet body weight and 0.316 to 0.487 for test diameter. The results emphasized the presentation of the significant maternal effects. By strongpoint of the nest design and a paternal half-sib correlation analysis chosen in this study, the estimate in this study is precise and unbiased to have been reported to date.