中国对虾病虾体内同工酶表型变化的初步研究

应用对流免疫电泳及核酸探针检测技术筛选感染病毒的中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）病虾，采用不连续的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳研究病虾体内同工酶的表型变化。用分光光度仪对电泳带扫描分析表明，病虾体内４种同工酶—酯酶（ＥＳＴ）、苹果酸脱氢酶（ＭＤＨ）、谷草转氨酶（ＧＯＴ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的表型与健康虾比较存在显著差异。其中，ＭＤＨ、ＥＳＴ、ＧＯＴ的变化分别反映病虾体内糖类、脂类、氨基酸等３大物质代谢明显紊乱，ＳＯＤ活性下降，显示病虾免疫防御机能明显衰退。对虾体内同工酶表型变化规律稳定，重复性好，可作为对虾病害检测与诊断的生理生化指标

A study of isoenzyme phenotypic change in diseased shrimp Penaeus chinensis

CIE technique and nucleic acid probe test were used to select diseased shrimps (Penaeus chinensis)which had been infected with viruses, and polyacrylamid gel electrophroresis method was used to study the isoenzyme phenotypic change in diseased shrimps.The bands in the gel were scanned and analyzed through spectrophotometer.There are 4 kinds of isoenzyme (MDH,EST,GOT and SOD) in diseased shrimps.Their patterns are quite different from those in healthy shrimps that phenotypic changes of MDH,EST,GOT reflect the disordered metabolism of carbohydrate,lipid,and protein in diseased shrimps respectively.The weakened activity of SOD indicates that the immunizing function is apparently beginning to fail.Due to the steadiness and good replication of their phenotypic changes,the shrimp isoenzyme can be used as biochemical indices for test and diagnosis.