中华绒螯蟹池塘套养与温室养殖的中华鳖雄体生物学指数和营养成分比较

分别取中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)池塘套养和温室养殖中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)雄体(分别简称为"套养鳖"和"温室鳖")各5只,解剖取四肢肌肉、裙边和肝脏,分析和比较两种鳖的生物学指数,可食组织常规营养成分、氨基酸含量和脂肪酸组成的差异。结果显示:(1)温室鳖裙边指数(SI)和肝体比(HSI)均显著高于套养鳖(P0.05)。(2)套养鳖肌肉灰分和裙边水分含量均显著高于温室鳖,而裙边蛋白含量则以温室鳖较高(P0.01),套养鳖和温室鳖其余常规营养成分均无显著差异(P0.05)。(3)温室鳖肌肉和裙边中的大部分氨基酸、总必需氨基酸(∑EAA)和总氨基酸(TAA)含量显著高于套养鳖,半胱氨酸含量及EAA/TAA以套养鳖较高(P0.05);套养鳖和温室鳖肌肉和裙边中的必需氨基酸评分(EAAS)较为接近,而EAAS平均值以套养鳖较高。(4)温室鳖肌肉C18:1n9、C18:1n7及单不饱和脂肪酸(∑MUFA)总量显著高于套养鳖,而C22:6n3、总多不饱和脂肪酸(∑PUFA)、∑n-3PUFA、总高度不饱和脂肪酸(∑HUFA)含量及n-3/n-6以套养鳖较高(P0.05);就裙边而言,除温室鳖C17:0和C20:2n6含量显著高于套养鳖外(P0.05),其余脂肪酸含量均无显著差异(P0.05)。综上可见,中华鳖在两种养殖模式下均具有较高的营养价值。

Comparison of biological indices and nutritional composition of male Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Trionyx sinensis, reared in a greenhouse and eco-pond for Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis

Five male greenhouse reared Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinensis) and five male T.sinensis from the eco-pond for Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) (defined as greenhouse reared GR] and eco-pond reared ER],respectively) were dissected to collect muscle,soft apron,and liver,and proximate composition and amino acid and fatty acid contents in edible tissues were determined to investigate differences in biological indices and nutrient composition of edible tissues.The results showed that the soft apron index and hepatosomatie index of GR were significantly higher than those of ER (P＜0.05).Muscle crude ash and soft apron moisture contents were significant higher in ER than those in GR (P＜0.01),while higher soft apron protein content was detected for GR,but no differences in any other proximate composition factors were detected between T.sinensis in the two environments.The contents of most amino acids,total essential amino acids (∑ EAA),and total amino acids (TAA)in muscle and the soft apron of GR were significantly higher than those of ER (P＜0.05),but higher cysteine content and ∑ EAA/TAA ratio were found in ER than those in GR.The muscle and soft apron essential amino acid scores (EAAS) were similar in ER and GR,but higher mean EAAS was observed in ER than that in GR.(4) C18:1n9 and C18:1n7 fatty acid and total muscle monounsaturated fatty acid contents were significantly higher in GR than those in ER,but C22:6n3,total polyunsaturated fatty acid (∑ PUFA),∑ n-3PUFA,total highly unsaturated fatty acid,and the n-3/n-6 ratio were significant higher in ER than those in GR (P＜0.05).Soft apron C17:0 and C20:2n6 contents were significantly higher in GR than those in ER (P＜0.05),but no differences were detected in any of the other fatty acids.These results indicate the high nutritional value of male T.sinensis reared in the two environments.