基于渔业资源群落结构稳定性对崂山湾增殖放流种类甄选的设想

合理选择增殖放流种类是实施增殖放流的首要环节，也是确保增殖放流效果的前提条件。以恢复自然生态系统为目标的增殖放流种类甄选是未来的研究重点。本研究采用数量与生物量累积曲线法（ABC曲线），通过分析2013—2015年春季和夏季崂山湾鱼类与游泳生物群落结构的稳定性，探讨增殖放流品种的甄选，研究发现：（1）2013—2015年春季和夏季崂山湾鱼类群落结构都相对简单，稳定性差，基本处于扰动状态；（2）2013—2015年春季和夏季崂山湾游泳生物群落结构较鱼类群落结构相对复杂，稳定性较好，基本处于稳定状态；（3）崂山湾鱼类与游泳生物群落结构稳定性年度与季度对比发现，双斑蟳（Portunus Trituberculatus）分别在春季和夏季崂山湾游泳生物群落结构中起着重要的维稳作用。总体而言，崂山湾鱼类生物群落结构变化大，相对简单，虾蟹类丰富了该水域的渔业资源，使渔业资源群落结构相对更合理，甄选该海域增殖放流品种时应重点考虑。实践证明青岛市每年春季在崂山湾放流的三疣梭子蟹，增强了该海域夏季游泳生物群落结构的稳定性。本研究方法与研究结果旨在为水产生物增殖放流种类的甄选提供科学参考。

Assuming released-species selection based on the stability of the fisheries resource community structure in Laoshan Bay

Selecting the right species to release for marine stock enhancement is not only the primary element of the practice, but also a precondition for ensuring positive effects. Selecting released species to restore ecosystems is the focus of future enhancement research. At present in China, the main species released for enhancement are those that can be mass cultured, with high economical value and low culture cost. These species are released in marine areas with short food chains and high resources. However, there are relatively few studies matching interspecific ecological relationships and the stability of community structure in marine waters targeted for stock enhancement, which is key to the practice. Herein, we used the abundance biomass comparison curve (ABC curve), to analyze the stability of both fish and nekton community structure in Laoshan Bay during the spring and summer of 2013-2015, and further discuss the selection of species for release. The results showed that:(1) fish community structure in Laoshan Bay in the spring and summer of 2013-2015 was relatively simple and unstable, and in a disturbed state; (2) nekton community structure was much more complex and stable than fish community structure during this time; (3) by comparing the annual and seasonal stability of community structure of both fish and nekton, we found that played an important role in maintaining the stability of the nekton community structure of Laoshan Bay in the spring, but played a vital role in maintaining stability in the summer. In conclusion, fish community structure in Laoshan Bay was relatively simple, but crabs and shrimp maintained the stability of the community structure of fishery resources. Crabs and shrimp should be given particular consideration when selecting species to release in this area. It was found that released in Laoshan Bay every spring increased the stability of nekton community structure during the summer in this area. The methods and results in this study can provide a scientific basis for the selection of released species.