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家蝇抗菌肽对凡纳滨对虾生长性能及免疫相关指标的影响
引用本文:陈冰,曹俊明,陈平洁,赵红霞,蓝汉冰,朱选.家蝇抗菌肽对凡纳滨对虾生长性能及免疫相关指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2010,17(2):258-266.
作者姓名:陈冰  曹俊明  陈平洁  赵红霞  蓝汉冰  朱选
作者单位:广东省农业科学院,畜牧研究所,广东广州,510640
基金项目:广东省自然科学基金资助项目,广州市知识产权局项目 
摘    要:通过8周的生长实验研究了饲料中添加家蝇幼虫抗菌肽提取物对初始体质量为(0.86±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的生长性能、体成分及免疫相关指标的影响。家蝇抗菌肽提取物添加量分别为0、1000mg/kg、2000mg/kg、3000mg/kg、4000mg/kg、5000mg/kg,每组饲料设4个重复,每个重复饲养40尾虾。结果显示,在一定添加水平范围内,家蝇抗菌肽能显著提高凡纳滨对虾成活率、增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率(P0.05),当抗菌肽提取物添加量为2000~3000mg/kg时,以上4个指标均达最高,且显著高于对照组(P0.05)。以增重率为评价指标,凡纳滨对虾饲料中家蝇抗菌肽提取物的最适添加量为2900mg/kg。当抗菌肽提取物添加量为2000~3000mg/kg时能显著提高虾体的粗蛋白和灰分含量,虾体粗脂肪不受添加抗菌肽水平的显著影响。添加2000~5000mg/kg抗菌肽提取物组与对照组相比能显著提高对虾血细胞数量;添加3000mg/kg抗菌肽提取物时对虾血细胞吞噬率最高。当抗菌肽提取物添加量为2000~3000mg/kg时,对虾血清中酚氧化酶PO、过氧化物酶POD、碱性磷酸酶AKP、溶菌酶LZM的活性和总抗氧化能力T-AOC均维持在一个较高的水平,且显著高于对照组;超氧化物歧化酶SOD的活性在各组组间差异不显著(P0.05)。肝胰腺中AKP、SOD、T-AOC活性各组间差异均不显著(P0.05);LZM活性以3000mg/kg组最高,显著高于其他组。结果表明,饲料中添加适量的家蝇抗菌肽对凡纳滨对虾有一定的促生长作用,并能提高对虾的免疫相关指标。

关 键 词:抗菌肽  凡纳滨对虾  生长性能  免疫
修稿时间:2010/3/30 0:00:00

Effects of antibacterial peptides of musca domestica on growth performance and immune-related indicators in Litopenaeus vannamei
CHEN Bing,CAO Junming,CHEN Pingjie,ZHAO Hongxia,LAN Hanbing,ZHU Xuan.Effects of antibacterial peptides of musca domestica on growth performance and immune-related indicators in Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2010,17(2):258-266.
Authors:CHEN Bing  CAO Junming  CHEN Pingjie  ZHAO Hongxia  LAN Hanbing  ZHU Xuan
Institution:CHEN Bing,CAO Junming,CHEN Pingjie,ZHAO Hongxia,LAN Hanbing,ZHU Xuan (Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)
Abstract:An 8-week growth experiment was conducted to investigate the dietary effects of different levels of antibacterial peptides extractives from musca domestica (0, 1 000 mg/kg, 2 000 mg/kg, 3 000 mg/kg, 4 000 mg/kg, 5 000 mg/kg respectively) on growth performance and immune-related indicators of Litopenaeus vannamei with initial body weight (0.86±0.01)g. Each diet was fed to four replicates of 40 shrimps. The results showed that antibacterial peptides extractives of musca domestica could enhance survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency of Litopenaeus vannamei significantly (P<0.05). When antibacterial peptides extractives were at 2 000-3 000 mg/kg, the shrimps had the maximal survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency, which were significantly higher than those in control. By using the model based on WGR, an optimum dietary antibacterial peptides extractives level of 2 900 mg/kg was calculated. The shrimps fed on the diets with antibacterial peptides extractives at 2 000-3 000 mg/kg had significantly higher body crude protein content and body ash contents. The body crude lipid content was not significantly affected by the supplemental levels of antibacterial peptides extractives. The number of haemocytes in shrimp fed on the diets with antibacterial peptides extractives at 2 000-5 000 mg/kg was significantly higher than that of control. The highest phagocytic rate was obtained in the shrimps fed on the diet with antibacterial peptides extractives at 3 000 mg/kg. When antibacterial peptides extractives were at 2 000-3 000 mg/kg, the shrimps had a higher level in activities of PO, POD, AKP, LZM and T-AOC in serum. The activities of SOD in serum were not significantly different among all the groups (P>0.05). There were no significant difference among all the groups in the activities of AKP, SOD and T-AOC in hepatopancreas. The highest activities of LZM in hepatopancreas were obtained in shrimp fed on the diet with antibacterial peptides at 3 000 mg/kg, significantly higher than the others. The results suggested that the dietary supplementation of pertain level of antibacterial peptides extractives could improve the growth performance and immune-related indicators in Litopenaeus vannamei.
Keywords:antibacterial peptides  Litopenaeus vannamei  growth performance  immunity
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