刺参一种囊膜病毒的分离及其超微结构观察

利用电镜负染技术检测发病的养殖刺参Apostichopus japonicus（Selenka）]组织提取液。观察发现，提取液中存在大量病毒样粒子，该病毒粒子近似球形，具有囊膜。囊膜内可见高电子密度的核心结构。完整的病毒粒子直径为80～100nm，囊膜厚6～10nm，核心结构直径35-45nm，呈六边形。应用超薄切片技术对刺参的触手顶部、触手臂、疣足、呼吸树、背肠血管、肠等组织的病毒感染状况进行观察，发现该种病毒粒子大量存在于所检测各组织内。感染细胞超微结构表现为大量细胞器崩解形成空泡结构，并出现“髓袢样”结构等病理变化。根据观测结果，该病毒是一种无包涵体病毒。

Isolation and ultrastructure of an enveloped virus in cultured sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus ( Selenka )

The sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka),can be found along the Korean Peninsula,Japan,the eastern shores of Russia and the northern coast of China.It is a favorite seafood in these areas,especially in China.Researches on its aquaculture began in the middle of the 1980s.Great progress was made in the breeding and larval rearing of Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka),which promoted rapid development of the aquaculture industry in Dalian,Yantai,Weihai and Qingdao.However,with the expansion of aquaculture,more diseases occurred.From 2003 to 2004,an investigation on epidemiology of Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) was performed.Electron microscopic examinations on homogenate fluid of Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) revealed the presence of mass enveloped virus-like particles.The virions are approximately 80 to 100?nm in diameter and have a smooth envelope without any spikes,while the hexagon core structures are 35 to 45 nm,which are probably icositetrahedrom.Examination of ultrathin sections shows that the virions exist in many tissues of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus,such as tentacle,blood vessel,respiratory tree,papillate podium,ofintestine and tentacle arm.Changes of ultrastructures in cells find expression in that many bubble structures and myline figures appear.