光照对红条鞭腕虾繁殖性能及饵料对其幼体生长发育的影响

为了深入了解光照对红条鞭腕虾(Lysmata vittata)亲虾抱卵情况的影响,本研究通过将正常光照组(12L∶12D)亲虾的抱卵率与全暗(黑)组进行对比,发现正常光照组红条鞭腕虾亲虾抱卵率为(95.8±3.6)%,而全暗(黑)组的抱卵率为0,正常光照组亲虾的抱卵率显著高于全暗(黑)组(P0.05),表明适宜的光照强度对红条鞭腕虾亲虾抱卵行为起到促进作用。本研究还对比分析了投喂不同生物饵料对红条鞭腕虾溞状幼体成活率和生长发育周期的影响。结果发现,投喂丰年虫(Artemia nauplii)和蒙古裸腹溞(Moina mongolica Daday)混合组的溞状幼体成活率为(38.3±2.3)%,幼体经过25～29 d全部发育成仔虾;而单一投喂丰年虫组的溞状幼体成活率为(26.8±4.9)%,幼体经过37～41 d全部发育成仔虾;混合组的溞状幼体成活率显著高于单一组(P0.05),且其幼体的生长周期也明显短于单一组,表明投喂丰年虫和蒙古裸腹溞混合饵料比只投喂丰年虫饵料更有利于幼体的存活和发育。此外,本研究还观察和详细描述了红条鞭腕幼体发育过程的形态和结构变化特征,并将它分为溞状幼体1～9期等9个不同时期,幼苗经过9期溞状幼体期后通过蜕皮最终变态为红条鞭腕虾仔虾。本研究对丰富鞭腕虾属虾类的生殖生物学理论和开展其人工繁育研究具有重要的指导意义。

Effects of light on the reproductive performance of Lysmata vittata and influences of diets on the growth and development of its larvae

To further understand the effects of light on the brood size of Lysmata vittata, the egg-holding rate of L. vittata was statistically analyzed under different light intensities which were normal light (12L:12D) and complete dark. The results show that the egg-holding rate of the normal light group was (95.8±3.6)%, which was significantly higher than that of the dark group at 0 (P<0.05), indicating that an appropriate light intensity had a promoting effect on the brood size of L. vittata. The effects of different biological diets on the survival rate and development period of larvae were also analyzed, finding that the larvae survival rate was (38.3±2.3)% and the zoea larvae developed into post-larvae after 25-29 d in a mixed diet group (Artemia nauplii and Moina mongolica Daday). In a single diet group (Artemia nauplii), the larvae survival rate was (26.8±4.9)% and the zoea larvae developed into post-larvae after 37-41 d. The survival rate and development time of larvae in a mixed diet group were significantly higher and shorter, respectively, than those of a single diet group (P<0.05), indicating that feeding with Artemia nauplii and Moina mongolica Daday was more beneficial to larva survival and development of L. vittata than feeding with Artemia nauplii alone. In addition, the present study also described nine zoea stages of L. vittata in detail. This study is significant for enriching the reproductive biology theory and conducting artificial propagation of L. vittata.