黑龙江水系(中国)大麻哈鱼生物学特征分析

2010和2011年在黑龙江和乌苏里江生殖洄游群体中采集了571尾大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum)样本,进行了鳞片观察和生物学测定。根据退算叉长,采用Logistic生长方程拟合大麻哈鱼叉长的生长,并计算了生长速度和加速度。结果表明,大麻哈鱼3龄前生长速度较快,以后逐渐变慢。对3+龄大麻哈鱼生长分析表明,在1.372和1.492龄时,雄、雌个体生长速度最快,而在2.674和2.823龄时生长加速度最低,和性成熟开始时期相吻合。利用逻辑斯蒂拟合方程估算了大麻哈鱼50%个体初次性成熟叉长(L50),雄性为46.19 cm,雌性为47.95 cm,ARSS分析表明雌雄差异显著(P<0.05),对应的50%初次性成熟时间T50分别为2.00和2.15。通过大麻哈鱼生长分析,认为应将50%初次性成熟叉长作为资源管理的重要生物学指标。黑龙江大麻哈鱼雌性个体GSI和绝对繁殖力均与叉长呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而雄性个体上述指标均与叉长呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。黑龙江雌性和雄性大麻哈鱼GSI与叉长相关关系的回归方程分别为:y=0.578x–18.225(R2=0.441);y=–0.090x+8.852(R2=0.423)。黑龙江群体性腺发育程度高于乌苏里江群体,乌苏里江群体性腺发育的不一致性导致了GSI和叉长的相关关系不显著。

Analysis of biological traits of Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum) in the Amur River, China

Oncorhynchus keta) in the Amur and Ussuri Rivers. We collected 571 homing Chum salmon in 2010 and 2011. Using a logistic growth function, we simulated the growth of Chum salmon and estimated the speed and additive rate of growth. Chum salmon grows faster before the age 3, after which the rate of growth declines. In Chum salmon that migrate upstream at the age of 3⁺, the highest rate of growth occurred at age 1.372 and 1.492 for male and female individuals, respectively. The lowest additive rate of growth occurred at age 2.674 and 2.823, which corresponds to the beginning of maturation. The total fork length at which 50% of male and female individuals reach sexual maturity () was estimated using a logistic moderating function, and was 46.19 cm for males and 47.95 cm for females. The corresponding age was 2.00 and 2.15, respectively. ARSS analysis revealed a significant difference between male and female individuals. appears to be a useful indicator of population health for the fishery resource management. The positive correlation between GSI, absolute fecundity, and fork length was significant for female Chum salmon from Amur River. Conversely, we observed a significant passive correlation between these variables for male individuals. The regression function was as follows:=0.423)<0.05). The GSI of Chum salmon from Amur River was higher than that for Ussuri River stocks.nsynchronization of gonad development resulted in a non-significant correlation between GSI and fork length.