澜沧江云南段鱼类区系组成与分布

2009年4月、7-8月、9月、10-11月及2010年1月对澜沧江云南段及洱海的鱼类种类和分布进行了调查.根据不同的海拔和生境设置52个鱼类采样点,共采集鱼类标本4 787尾,经鉴定计有土著鱼类5目、14科、80种,加上文献资料记载整理,共计139种,隶属于6目、18科.澜沧江云南段鱼类由华西区的康藏亚区和华南区的怒...

Ichthyofauna composition and distribution of fishes in Yunnan section of Lancang River

River originates from alpine springs on the slopes of the Tanggula Mountain in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the species and distribution of fishes are very special in the river. To understand the present composition and distribution of fishes in this water system, a comprehensive survey was carried out in Yunnan section of Lancang River and its affiliated lake, Erhai Lake. Fifty two sampling sites were set up based on the different elevation and multiple habitatation. In the 4 787 fish samples collected, five orders, 14 families, 80 species of aboriginal fishes were identified, with another 59 species recorded in references. All the fishes, consisting of six orders, 18 families, are composed of fishes from two regions: Xikang-Tibetan Sub-region belonging to West China Region and Nukiang-Lancang Subregion belonging to South China Region. In addition, 21 species of exotic fishes were collected. The differences in horizontal and vertical distribution of aboriginal fish are obvious. The horizontal distribution shows an obvious diversity and regional variety. The distribution of fish in Lancang River was influenced by altitude and climate. Many groups of fish have a certain distribution range. The Tetraodontiformesand some species of the Cypriniformes are limited to low elevation regions in the tropics. The distribution of the ake up a large proportion in Lancang River shows a gradual of different groups with the rise of altitude. Compared with the historical data, the current species number of aboriginal fish in some sections of Lancang River has decreased obviously. Environmental stress caused by river construction, over-fishing, pollution and exotic fish is external impact factors for fishes in Lancang River. Relevant departments should adopt various measures to tackle the problem such as establishing nature reserves, promoting artificial enhancement and releasing, setting up eco-environment monitoring system, improving aquatic living resources and environment administrative systems.