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长江春季禁渔对崇明北滩渔业群落的影响
引用本文:刘凯,张敏莹,徐东坡,段金荣,施炜纲.长江春季禁渔对崇明北滩渔业群落的影响[J].中国水产科学,2006,13(5):834-840.
作者姓名:刘凯  张敏莹  徐东坡  段金荣  施炜纲
作者单位:1. 中国水产科学研究院,淡水渔业研究中心,江苏,无锡,214081,中国水产科学研究院,内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏,无锡,214081
2. 中国水产科学研究院,淡水渔业研究中心,江苏,无锡,214081;中国水产科学研究院,内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏,无锡,214081
基金项目:科技部科技基础条件平台建设计划
摘    要:对1999至2005年每年的4~6月间崇明北滩渔业群落进行研究,对春季禁渔前后相关指标进行对比分析.实施长江春季禁渔前,崇明北滩渔业群落组成为11目、19科、25属、27种.实施长江春季禁渔后,该群落共出现鱼虾蟹等渔业生物30种,分别隶属于9目18科26属.群落优势种为凤鲚Coilia mystus(Linnaeus)]、棘头梅童鱼Collichthys lucidus(Richardson)]、红狼牙(鱼 )虎Odontamblyopus rubicundus(Hamilton-Bnchanan)]和狭颚绒螯蟹Eriochier leptognathus (Rathbun)],单位质量小于20g的小型种类占绝对优势,鱼类幼体所占比例极大.多样性特征值平均指标为:Margalef指数1.50,Wilhm改进指数1.83,Simpson指数0.24,Pielou指数0.72.实施春季禁渔后该群落组成变化显著,复杂程度有所下降,多样性特征值仍大幅度波动,企稳回升趋势不明显.结果显示,春季禁渔对该群落的保护作用尚不明显,针对该群落的保护工作应进一步加强.

关 键 词:春季禁渔  崇明北滩  群落  相对重要性指数  物种多样性
文章编号:1005-8737-(2006)05-0834-07
收稿时间:2005-08-26
修稿时间:2005-11-26

Effects of spring closed season on fishery community of the north beach of Chongming, the Yangtze River
LIU Kai,ZHANG Min-ying,XU Dong-po,DUAN Jin-rong,SHI Wei-gang.Effects of spring closed season on fishery community of the north beach of Chongming, the Yangtze River[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2006,13(5):834-840.
Authors:LIU Kai  ZHANG Min-ying  XU Dong-po  DUAN Jin-rong  SHI Wei-gang
Institution:Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wu Xi 214081, China; Key Open Lab. of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fishery Science, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wu Xi 214081, China
Abstract:Studies on fishery community on the north beach of Chongming in the Spring Closed season were carried out during 1999-2005,and contrast analysis of correlative indexes before and after the Spring Closed season was also done.After the Spring Closed season,fishes,shrimps and crabs,which belong to 9 orders,18 families,26 genera and 30 species,were collected from this area.The dominant species were Coilia mystus,Collichthys lucidus, Odontamblyopus rubicundus and Eriochier leptognathus.Small species which the mean weight was less than 20?g were more than others remarkably.Average characters of biodiversity after the Spring Closed season indicated that Margalef's index was 1.50,Wilhm's 1.83,Simpson's 0.24 and Pielou's 0.72.It showed that the community composition changed evidently,and the complexity had a little drop.Characters of biodiversity fluctuated in a wide range,and didn't show the uptrend sign towards stability.The effect of the spring closed season on this community was not obvious,so the protection should be further strengthen.
Keywords:Spring Closed season  north beach of Chongming  community  IRI  species diversity
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