黄海重要饵料鱼种矢耳石的形态特征

由于鱼类矢耳石的形态结构稳定,具有种的特征,且坚硬不易被消化,其形态特征可用于鱼类胃含物分析中的种类鉴定。本研究选取黄海"简化食物网"中的30种重要饵料鱼种为研究对象,描述了各种类矢耳石的形态特征,并进行了比较分析。结果发现,这30种重要饵料鱼种的矢耳石中形态结构相似的有7组:赤鼻棱鳀和中颌棱鳀,细条天竺鱼和斑鳍天竺鱼,多鳞鱚和少鳞鱚,皮氏叫姑鱼和白姑鱼,黄姑鱼和小黄鱼,黑鳃梅童鱼和棘头梅童鱼,以及矛尾鰕虎鱼和六丝矛尾鰕虎鱼,本研究为胃含物分析等基于耳石形态的种类鉴别提供了基础资料,同时进一步更广泛深入地研究和认知鱼类的耳石形态,近缘种耳石形态特征的量化研究,以及同一种类耳石形态的地理变异等的研究将有助于更准确地进行种类的鉴别,对提高胃含物分析的准确度也有很大帮助。

Morphologic characters of sagittae in some important prey fish in the Yellow Sea

Morphologic structure of fish sagittae is stable and has species characters.Moreover, the sagittae is stiff and not easy to be digested.So,its morphological characters can be used to identify species in stomach content analysis of f ish.Thirty species of important prey f ish,including scaled sardine Sardinella zunasi,anchovy Engraulis japonicus,madura anchovy Thrissa kammalensis,mustached anchovy Thrissa mystax,hairf in anchovy Setipinna taty,estuarine tapertail anchovy Coilia ectenes,estuary tapertail anchovy Coilia mystus,bombay duck Harpodon nehereus,skinnycheek lanternfish Benthosema pterotum,firefly-fish Acropoma japonicum, cardinalfish Apogonichthys lineatus,spotsail cardinalfish Apogonichthys carinatus,common whiting Sillago sihama,silver whiting Sillago japonica,belenger's croaker Johnius belengerii,white flower croaker Nibea albi ora,white Chinese croaker Argyrosomus argentatus,small yellow croaker Pseudosciaena polyactis,bighead croaker Collichthys niveatus,spinyhead croaker Collichthys lucidus,elongate eelpout Enchelyopus elongates, Fang's blenny Enedrias fangi,sand lance Ammodytes personatus,largehead hairtail Trichiurus haumela, Trichiurus muticus,fi nespot goby Chaeturichthys stigmatias,pinkgray goby Chaeturichthys hexanema,Pacifi c mackerel Pneumatophorus japonicus,Indian flathead Platycephalus indicus and pointhead plaice Cleisthenes herzensteini,in the simplif ied food web were chosen as study objects,and morphologic characters of their sagittae were described and compared with each other.The results showed that the sagittae of 7 couples of species in the 30 species of important prey f ish are similar,such as madura anchovy and mustached anchovy,cardinalf ish and spotsail cardinalfish,common whiting and silver whiting,belenger's croaker and white flower croaker, white Chinese croaker and small yellow croaker,bighead croaker and spinyhead croaker,and finespot goby and pinkgray goby.This study provided some basic information for species identif ication,which was based on morphology of sagittae,such as stomach content analysis.At the same time,it could help to improve veracity of species identifi cation and stomach content analysis to study morphology of fi sh sagittae furthermore,quantify the morphologic characters of species sagittae between close relatives,and study the geography variations of the same species.