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光环境因子对循环水养殖系统中大西洋鲑生长和摄食的影响
引用本文:仇登高,徐世宏,刘鹰,宋昌斌,迟良,王顺奎,于凯松.光环境因子对循环水养殖系统中大西洋鲑生长和摄食的影响[J].中国水产科学,2015,22(1):68-78.
作者姓名:仇登高  徐世宏  刘鹰  宋昌斌  迟良  王顺奎  于凯松
作者单位:1. 中国科学院 海洋研究所,山东 青岛 266071; 中国科学院大学,北京 100049; 福建省水产研究所,福建 厦门 361012
2. 中国科学院 海洋研究所,山东 青岛,266071
3. 中国科学院 半导体研究所,北京,100083
4. 山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司,山东 烟台,264003
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目,国家自然科学基金项目,农业行业专项
摘    要:采用正交实验法,研究了不同光色(白光,A1;蓝光,A2;红光,A3)、光周期(24L︰0D,B1;12L︰12D,B2;8L︰16D,B3)和光强(0.88 W/m2,C1;4.55 W/m2,C2;8.60 W/m2,C3)对循环水养殖系统中体质量(850.97±82.77)g的大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)生长和摄食的影响。实验设A1B1C1(1)、A1B2C2(2)、A1B3C3(3)、A2B1C2(4)、A2B2C3(5)、A2B3C1(6)、A3B1C3(7)、A3B2C1(8)、A3B3C2(9)9个处理组,在相应设定条件下饲养180 d。结果表明,在光色为红光、光周期为12L︰12D和光强8.60 W/m2条件下大西洋鲑的成活率最高,但光色、光周期和光强对成活率的影响差异不显著(P0.05);实验期间各组鱼的相对增重率和肥满度差异均不显著(P0.05);至第120天,2、5、6组鱼的体长特定生长率显著高于1组(P0.05);至第180天,1、2、4、7、8组鱼的体质量特定生长率显著高于6组(P0.05),1、2、3、4、7、8、9组鱼的日增重显著高于6组(P0.05),9组鱼的体质量变异系数显著低于7组(P0.05)。9组鱼血浆中生长激素显著高于1、2、3、4、6、7和8组(P0.05);摄食率、饲料转化效率和饲料系数最佳时的光照条件为:红光、12L︰12D、8.60 W/m2,但光色、光周期和光强对摄食率、饲料转化效率及饲料系数的影响差异不显著(P0.05)。本实验条件下,较为适宜的光照条件是:红光、12L:12D、8.60 W/m2。

关 键 词:大西洋鲑  光色  光周期  光强  生长性能  摄食  循环水养殖系统
修稿时间:2015/6/23 0:00:00

Effects of different types of environment light on the growth perfor-mance and feeding of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in recirculating aquaculture systems
QIU Denggao,XU Shihong,LIU Ying,SONG Changbin,CHI Liang,WANG Shunkui,YU Kaisong.Effects of different types of environment light on the growth perfor-mance and feeding of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in recirculating aquaculture systems[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2015,22(1):68-78.
Authors:QIU Denggao  XU Shihong  LIU Ying  SONG Changbin  CHI Liang  WANG Shunkui  YU Kaisong
Institution:Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361012, China; Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sci
Abstract:We aimed to explore the effects of different types of light color(i.e., A1, white light; A2, blue light; A3, red light), photoperiod (i.e., B1, 24L, 0.88 W/m2; C2, 4.55 W/m2; C3, 8.60 W/m2) on the growth performance and feeding of Atlantic salmon () with initial body weights of 850.97±82.77 g for 180 days in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) using orthogonal test methods. Nine treatment groups were designed in the present experiment: A1B1C1(group1), A1B2C2(group2), A1B3C3(group3), A3B3C2(Group4), A2B2C3(group5), A2B3C1(group6), A3B1C3(group7), A3B2C1(group8), and A1B1C1(group9). The results showed that the highest survival rate was found in red light, 12L at the end of the trial, and no significant difference was observed in the survival rates of the experimental groups (>0.05). There were no significant differences in relative weight gain and condition among the nine groups at each sampling time (>0.05). At day 120, the specific growth rate of body length for groups 2, 5 and 6 were significantly higher than those of group 1 (<0.05). At day 180, the specific growth rate of body weight in groups 1, 2, 4, 7 and 8 were significantly higher than those of group 6 (<0.05), and the daily weight gain of groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9 showed higher variation than those of group 6 (<0.05). Additionally, the plasma growth hormone in group 9 was a higher concentration than that of groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 (<0.05). Better food intake(FI), food conversion efficiency(FCE) and food conversion ratio(FCR) were also observed in red light (12L at the end of the experiment, while light color, photoperiod and light intensity had no significant effects on the FI, FCE and FCR between groups(>0.05). Hence, red light (12L is considered to be a suitable combination of artificial lighting under the experimental conditions described herein.
Keywords:Salmo salar  light color  photoperiod  light intensity  growth performance  feeding  recirculating aq-uaculture systems
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