4种海水鱼淋巴囊肿组织的病理特征比较

取山东、河北、浙江等地感染淋巴囊肿病的牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)、许氏平鮋(Sebastes schlegeli)、鲈鱼(Lateo-labrax japonicus)及纹腹叉鼻(Arothron hispidus),利用光镜和电镜技术及组织化学方法,对患病鱼淋巴囊肿组织的病理特征进行观察比较。结果发现,来自不同地区同一种鱼的淋巴囊肿组织的病理特征无明显差异,不同种鱼的淋巴囊肿细胞具有共同的特征:细胞膨大,细胞核不规则,细胞质内有嗜碱性的、呈Feulgen和Mann氏反应阳性的包涵体,囊肿细胞的细胞膜外有呈PAS反应阳性的均质囊壁,细胞质内病毒颗粒的大小200～220 nm,核周池内有高电子密度物质等。不同种鱼囊肿组织细胞的大小、细胞核的不规则程度、细胞质内包涵体的形态、细胞质内病毒粒子的分布状态,以及囊肿物的外观等有差异。虽然不同种鱼之间存在差异,囊肿组织共同的病理学特征仍可作为疾病诊断的可靠依据。

Comparative studies on histopathological features of lymphocystis disease in four species of marine fish

Lymphocystis disease has a worldwide distribution and has infected over 125 species of fish belonging to 42 families including feral,cultured and ornamental fish,which is characterized by the white nodules mainly occurring on the fish fins and skin,decreasing the commercial values of the fish.In China,lymphocystis disease has resulted in a great economic loss since the primary large scale outbroke in 1997,and become the factors restricting aquaculture development.In this study,Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus,sting fish Sebastes schlegeli,common sea bass Lateolabrax japonicus and whitespotted puffer Arothron hispidus suffering from lymphocystis disease were obtained from Shandong,Hebei and Zhejiang Provinces.Histopathological comparative observation of lymphocystis nodules in four species of marine fish were carried out by light and electron microscopy,and histochemical methods.The results showed that the histological features of lymphocystis in the same species from different areas had no obvious difference;lymphocystis cells from different fish species contained the following common characteristics:the hypertrophied cells,the irregular nucleus,basophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies positively stained in Feulgen and Mann's reaction,the hyaline capsule stained PAS-positive outside the cell membrane,the virus particles(200-220nm in diameter) in the cytoplasm which matured in the sites of inclusion bodies,and electron-dense substances in the perinuclear cisterna.However,different histopathological features presented in different fish species,including the sizes of lymphocystis cells,irregular degree of the nucleus,the shape of inclusion bodies,the distributing state of the virus particles in the cytoplasm,as well as the appearance of the lymphocystis nodules,etc.Though the structural differences existed,the common histopathological features were considered as the reliable and effective proofs to diagnose the lymphocystis disease.