2种壳色皱纹盘鲍营养成分的比较

对皱纹盘鲍 (HaliotisdiscushannaiIno) 2种壳色个体———红壳个体和绿壳个体的一般营养成分、矿物元素以及脂肪酸的组成和含量进行比较研究。结果表明 ,两者对应组织 (足肌、内脏、生殖腺 )中水分、蛋白质、粗脂肪、灰分的含量基本无差异 ;内脏灰分颜色均为红褐色 ,但足肌灰分颜色明显不同 ,绿壳个体呈灰白色而红壳个体则呈浅砖红色。矿物元素的分析结果进一步显示 ,足肌中除了Ca之外 ,所测元素的含量均以红壳个体为高 ,其中Fe、Cu、Mn的含量为绿壳个体的2～ 3倍 ;红壳个体贝壳中Mn的含量亦较高 ,约为绿壳个体的 2倍。两者上述对应组织的脂肪酸种类相同 ,含量基本一致。此外 ,粗脂肪、无机元素含量以及脂肪酸的组成和含量在不同组织之间存在较明显的差别

Comparative studies on nutritional composition of abalone Haliotis discus hannai between two shell-color stocks

Nutrient content, including minerals and fatty acids were comparatively analysed between red shell and green shell stocks of adult abalone (Haliotis discus hannai). Ten individuals of each stock were obtained from Dalian Marine Research Institute in April of 2001. The red shell abalone was the first filial generation (F_1) of variants of the green shell stock. Both stocks were bred at the same condition. The samples were vivisected. The biochemical composition of muscle, viscera, gonad and shell was analysed. Moisture, protein, lipid and ash were determined. The fatty acids composition was determined by gas chromatography. The mineral (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that the levels of moisture, protein, lipid and ash in muscle, gonad and viscera of red shell stock were similar to those in green shell stock. Moisture content in muscle and viscera was 77.68%-80.46%. The contents (% wet weight) of protein, lipid and ash were 11.49%-11.56%, 1.01%-1.04%, 2.16%-(2.27%) in muscle, and 12.41%-13.76%, 5.06%-5.49%, 2.63%-2.65% in viscera. Lipid content in female gonad was 2-3 times as high as that in male. The ash color of viscera of the two stocks of abalone was red brown; the ash color of muscle was different, and the ash color of green shell abalone was grey white, the ashcolor of red one was light red brown. It was found that the contents of Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu in muscle of red shell stock were higher than those of the green shell stock, and the contents of Fe, Cu, Mn were 2-3 times as high as those of the green shell abalone. This experiment also showed that the content of Mn in red shell was approximately 2 times as high as that in green shell. The composition and the content of fatty acids were also very similar between the two shell-color stocks. They were PUFA>SFA>MUFA except for those in gonad of female. The ratio of HUFA to PUFA was 73%-96%. In addition, there was significant difference in contents of lipid, mineral elements and fatty acids between different tissues of abalone.