体外培养三角帆蚌外套膜细胞的生物学特性及有核珍珠培育

通过光学显微镜、透射电镜、流式细胞仪等方法对体外培养的三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingiiLea)外套膜细胞进行观察和检测,证明其具有与蚌体内细胞相同的生物学结构、分裂增殖能力和分泌珍珠质的生物活性。在此基础上,对三角帆蚌有核珍珠培育技术进行探讨。将培养细胞黏附在表面经过促黏壁物质处理的珠核表面,再插入育珠蚌体内培育,120 d后,蚌体内可形成完备的珍珠囊,并在珠核表面有明显的珍珠质沉积;6个月后,珍珠质可将整个珠核包裹起来形成有核珍珠。本研究初步证明了细胞法培育有核珍珠的可行性。中国水产科学,2007,14(1):149-154]

Bio-characteristics of cultured mantle cells of Hyriopsis cumingii and technique for nucleated pearl producing

At present,the traditional method of producing nucleated pearl in freshwater is to adhere small flakes incised from outer epithelium of mussel mantle to the surface of pearl nuclear in the mantle of accepting mussel during the process of mussel's growth.The epithelial cells from mantle flasks entrap the whole pearl nuclear by proliferation and form the pearl-sac.As mantle flask is on one side of pearl nuclear,pearl nuclear can't be evenly entrapped during the process of proliferation,which results in inferior pearl with anomalous shape.In this study,the cultured mantle cells of Hyriopsis cumingii was observed by light microscope,transmission electron microscope and flow cytometer.It was proved that the cultured mantle cells had the same ultra-structure,proliferous capability and secreting activity as the mantle cells in vivo.Especially the cultured cell in vivo showed the trait of getting together in the growth process,which suggested that the mantle cells could form the real pearl-sac in vivo and producing pearl in vivo would be possible.Based on these,study on nucleated pearls producing technique was also performed.The cultured cells were adhered to the surface of pearl nuclear treated by a sticking material.Then the treated pearl nuclear was inserted into the mantle of Hyriopsis cumingii.The result showed that complete pearl-sac could form 30 d later;pearl on the surface of the pearl nuclear was obviously found 120 d later and the nucleated pearls formed six months later.This method is proved to be feasible.Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2007,14(1):149-154]