蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼肌肉品质的影响

选用初始体质量约2.02 g的黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)960尾,随机分为6组,分别投喂6种用蝇蛆粉替代饲料中0%、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%鱼粉配制的等氮(39.5%)等能(16.8 MJ/kg)饲料,分别记为G0、G20、G40、G60、G80和G100。养殖期为60 d。结果显示,黄颡鱼肌肉水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量受蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉水平的影响不显著(P>0.05),但G60～G100灰分含量与G0相比显著升高(P<0.05)。蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对肌肉pH、滴水损失(DL)、蒸煮损失(CL)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性影响不显著(P>0.05)。与G0相比,G20～G100肌肉胶原蛋白含量差异不显著(P>0.05),G40～G60肌肉丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与G0相比,G80肌肉精氨酸(Arg)、组氨酸(His)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、必需氨基酸(TEAA)含量显著高(P<0.05),各替代组总氨基酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组肌肉谷氨酸(Glu)、甘氨酸(Gly)、丙氨酸(Ala)、天冬氨酸(Asp)等风味氨基酸和总风味氨基酸(TFAA)含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。肌肉C14:0、C18:3n-3、DHA、EPA+DHA、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、n-3 PUFA含量和n-3/n-6比值随蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉水平的升高而降低,其中G60～G100显著低于G0(P<0.05);C16:1、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量随替代水平增加而升高,其中G60和G100显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,当蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉水平不超过40%时,除MDA含量显著降低外,蝇蛆粉对黄颡鱼肌肉常规成分、理化指标、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量影响不显著。

Effects of replacing fish meal with maggot meal on meat quality of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal with maggot meal on the nutritional composition, physiochemical indexes, amino and fatty acid composition of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) muscle. Nine hundred and sixty fish with an initial body weight of ~2 g were randomly assigned to six groups and fed one of six isonitrogenous (39.5%) and isonergetic (16.8 MJ/kg) diets replacing 0% (G0), 20% (G20), 40% (G40), 60% (G60), 80% (G80) and 100% (G100) fish meal with maggot meal on a protein basis. After 60 days of the feed trial, there was no significant difference in muscle moisture, crude protein or crude lipid content among all treatments (P>0.05), but ash content of G60~G100 was significantly higher than that of G0 (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in pH, drip lose (DL), cooking lose (CL) or superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities among all groups (P>0.05). Compared with G0, there was no significant difference in collagen content with maggot meal treatments (P>0.05), but muscle malondialdehyde (MDA) content of G40 and G60 decreased significantly (P<0.05). Arginine, histidine, phenylalanine and total essential amino acid content in G80 were significantly higher than in G0 (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in total amino acid, glutamic, glycine, alanine, aspartate or total flavor amino acid content among all groups (P>0.05). C_14:0, C_18:3n-3, DHA, EPA and DHA, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-3 PUFA content and n-3/n-6 ratio decreased with increasing maggot meal content, with significant diminution in G60~G100 compared with G0 (P<0.05). Compared with G0, C_16:0 and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content in G60 and G100 increased significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, maggot meal had no significant effect on the nutritional composition, physiochemical indexes, amino acid or fatty acid composition in the muscle of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, with the exception of MDA content, which significantly decreased when maggot meal replacement was less than 40%.