首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

人工鱼礁对防城港海域小型岩礁性鱼类诱集效果研究
引用本文:曾雷,唐振朝,贾晓平,于杰,陈国宝.人工鱼礁对防城港海域小型岩礁性鱼类诱集效果研究[J].中国水产科学,2019,26(4):783-795.
作者姓名:曾雷  唐振朝  贾晓平  于杰  陈国宝
作者单位:1. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所, 广东 广州 510300;2. 中国水产科学研究院海洋牧场技术重点实验室, 广东 广州 510300;3. 农业农村部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站, 广东 广州 510300
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2012BAD18B02);防城港钢铁项目渔业生态保护修复工程(01-154);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201003068);农业部财政项目“南海海洋捕捞生产结构调查”(640).
摘    要:为探究人工鱼礁聚鱼效果,于 2017 年 2 月、4 月、9 月和 11 月主要通过声学探测技术,对防城港海域渔业资源密度、空间分布与大小组成进行了调查研究。结果显示,防城港人工鱼礁区及其临近海域 4 次调查共捕获各类游泳生物和底栖无脊椎动物 201 种,包括鱼类 126 种、蟹类 32 种、虾类 20 种、虾蛄类 11 种和头足类 12 种。双因素方差分析结果表明,调查海域渔业资源密度在时空层面上均存在显著性差异(P<0.001),且交互作用显著(P<0.001)。2 月调查海域人工鱼礁区渔业资源密度(547745 ind/n mile2)约为其周边海域(203990 ind/n mile2)的 2.68倍,表现出明显的聚鱼效果。其中,二长棘鲷(Parargyrops edita)、多齿蛇鲻(Saurida tumbil)、花斑蛇鲻(Sauridaundosquamis)等岩礁性底层鱼类为该季度主要优势种类。各航次人工鱼礁区小型个体所占比重较高,其平均目标强度(TS)分别为 55.6 dB(2 月)、 54.5 dB(4 月)、 53.6 dB(9 月)和 52.2 dB(11 月),随个体生长其平均 TS 呈稳步增大的变化趋势。在垂直方向上, 2 月和 4 月航次人工鱼礁区 90%以上回波单体主要分布在 9~16 m 中下水层。上述研究结果表明,人工鱼礁建设对防城港海域小型岩礁性鱼类表现出明显的向底层诱集的效果,该结果能为海洋牧场生态效应系统评价提供重要支撑。

关 键 词:人工鱼礁  渔业资源  大小组成  空间分布  防城港
修稿时间:2019/7/15 0:00:00

Study on the trapping effect of artificial reefs on small reef fishes in Fangchenggang Gulf
ZENG Lei,TANG Zhenzhao,JIA Xiaoping,YU Jie,CHEN Guobao.Study on the trapping effect of artificial reefs on small reef fishes in Fangchenggang Gulf[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2019,26(4):783-795.
Authors:ZENG Lei  TANG Zhenzhao  JIA Xiaoping  YU Jie  CHEN Guobao
Institution:1. South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Ranch Technology, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;3. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China
Abstract:Fishery resources density, spatial distribution, and size composition were studied in February, April, September, and November 2017, primarily based on an acoustic method to explore the fish gathering effect of artificial reefs in Fangchenggang Gulf. A total of 201 nekton and benthic invertebrate species (including 126 fish species, 32 crab species, 20 decapod species, 11 squilloidea species, and 12 cephalopoda species) were collected in artificial reefs (and areas adjacent to the reefs) in the Fangchenggang Gulf. The results of a two-way ANOVA showed that the spatial and temporal differences in fishery resource density in the investigated area are significant (P<0.001). The interaction between seasons and regions is also significant (P<0.001). The fishery resource density of the artificial reefs area (547745 ind/n mile2) was nearly 2.7-times greater than that of the surrounding area (203990 ind/n mile2), showing an obvious fish gathering effect of artificial reefs in February. The types of fish were mainly benthic and rockfishes such as Parargyrops edita, Saurida tumbil, and S. undosquamis. Small size individuals accounted for a large percentage in the artificial reef area and their average target strengths (TS) were -55.6 dB (in February), -54.5 dB (in April), -53.6 dB (in September), and -52.2 dB (in December), respectively, which displayed a gradually increasing trend of TS values with the individual growth. In the vertical direction, more than 90% of single echo detections were distributed in the middle and deeper layers (9~16 m) of the artificial reef area in the February and April investigations. In conclusion, the construction of artificial reefs in Fangchenggang Gulf revealed an obvious downward gathering effect on the small size rockfishes, which supports the need for systematic evaluation of the ecological effect of marine ranching.
Keywords:artificial reefs  fishery resources  size composition  spatial distribution  Fangchenggang Gulf
本文献已被 CNKI 维普 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《中国水产科学》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《中国水产科学》下载免费的PDF全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号