4种体色瓯江彩鲤的生长、摄食和呼吸特性差异及其相关性分析

瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinius carpio var. color)是一种既可食用又可观赏的优良养殖对象。为了解不同体色瓯江彩鲤间生长差异的代谢生理基础,本研究分析了4种体色类型("全红"、"大花"、"粉玉"和"粉花")瓯江彩鲤间的生长、摄食率、消化酶活性和呼吸代谢率差异及其相关性。结果显示, 4种体色瓯江彩鲤的绝对增重率和特定增重率、日摄食量和日摄食率、胰蛋白酶活性大小差异顺序均为"大花""粉花""全红""粉玉";其中带有大块黑色斑纹的"大花"和"粉花"体色个体的上述性状显著高于无黑色斑纹的"全红"和"粉玉"体色(P0.05),具有红色体色的"大花"和"全红"体色的白天摄食率显著高于夜间,而具有白色体色的"粉花"和"粉玉"体色的昼夜摄食率无显著差异(P0.05);相关性分析发现,特定增重率和摄食率、特定增重率与胰蛋白酶活性、摄食率与胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶活性的相关性均达到显著或极显著(P0.05或P0.01),特定增重率与脂肪酶活性的相关性接近显著性(P=0.056),表明"大花"和"粉花"体色瓯江彩鲤拥有更快生长速度来源的代谢基础是它们具有更强的摄食率和更高的消化酶活性。4种体色瓯江彩鲤的呼吸耗氧率均存在显著差异(P0.05),大小顺序依次为"大花""全红""粉花""粉玉",表现出红色体色的呼吸耗氧率高于白色体色。以上结果反映了4种体色瓯江彩鲤的生长差异是与其相关代谢生理基础相关联的,为瓯江彩鲤的进一步种质改良与育种提供了理论依据。

Comparison of growth, feeding and respiration characteristics and their correlation among four color patterns in Oujiang color carp

Oujiang color common carp, Cyprinius carpio var. color, is a good culturing fish with edible and ornamental traits. It has more than 1200 years of cultural history in the Oujiang drainage of Zhejiang province. In the last 20 years, some researchers have studied its growth performance, genetic diversity, and disease resistance traits. However, the cause and mechanism behind the growth differences among the different color patterns of Oujiang color common carp remain unknown. This study aimed to unveil the metabolic and physiological differences in growth, feeding rate, digestive enzyme activity, and respiration metabolic rate, and the correlations between these factors among four color patterns of Oujiang color common carp ("whole red", WR; "whole red with big black spots", RB; "whole white", WW; and "whole white with big black spots", WB). Our results indicated absolute weight gain rate (AGR), specific growth rate (SGR), daily food intake, daily feeding rate, and trypsin activity were highest in RB, followed by WB, WR, and WW. All of the above measured indexes were significantly higher in RB and WB compared to WR and WW (P<0.05). Regarding Oujiang color common carp with red skin (RB and WR), significantly higher feeding rates were identified during the day compared to during the night (P<0.05), however, no such significant changes were identified for Oujiang color common carp with white skin (WB and WW) (P>0.05). A significant correlations were identified between specific growth rate and daily food intake, between specific growth rate and trypsin activity, and between daily food intake and trypsin and lipase activities (P<0.05) indicating that the higher growth rates of RB and WB maybe associated with higher feeding rate and increased digestive enzyme activities. Meanwhile, significant differences in respiration oxygen consumption rate were identified among the four color patterns of Oujiang color common carp, with RB having the highest respiration oxygen consumption rate, followed by WR, WB, and WW. This indicated that Oujiang color common carp with red skin had higher respiration oxygen consumption rates than fish with white skin. Our results provide valuable metabolic and physiological characteristics of the four color patterns of Oujiang color common carp, which will directly guide the aquaculture and breeding of the species in the future.