东、黄海冬季底层鱼类群落结构及其多样性

根据１９９１年１～２月东、黄海冬季底层鱼类资源调查资料，分析了该海域的鱼类群落结构。本次调查共捕获鱼类４５６２．４９ｋｇ，７２９３５尾，１９８种。其中，暖温种居第１位，有８７种，占４３．９％；暖水种次之，有８６种，占４３．４％；冷温种最少，有１５种，占７．６％。相对重要性指数（ＩＲＩ）大于５００的鱼类定为优势种，共有５种：竹Ｊｉａ鱼、带鱼、小黄鱼、Ｔｉ鱼、绿鳍马面Ｔｕｎ；ＩＲＩ值在５００～１００的鱼类定为常见种，共有１０种：银鲳、短尾大眼鲷、黑鳃梅童鱼、短鳍红娘鱼、黄ＡｎＫａｎｇ、细纹狮子鱼、黑ＡｎＫａｎｇ、龙头鱼、黄鲫、白姑鱼。使用种类丰富度指数（Ｄ）、Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ－Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ多样度指数（Ｈ′）、种类均匀度指数（Ｊ′）分析该海域鱼类群落多样性特征，Ｄ值变动在１．１２１～７．０８６之间，Ｈ′值在０．５８６～

THE STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY OF DEMERSAL FISH COMMUNITIES IN WINTER IN THE EAST CHINA SEA AND THE YELLOW SEA

Studies on the characteristics of fish communities structure and diversity are conducted, based on data from bottom trawl surveys during January～February 1991 in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. A total catch of 4 562.49 kg, 72 935 individuals comprising 198 species of fishes are composed of warm-temperate（43.9%），and warm-water（43.4%）and cold-temperate（7.6%）species.The species of fish with index of relative importance（IRI）over 500 is defined as dominant species, a total of 5 species that are Trachurus japonicus、Trichiurus haumala、Pseudosciaena polyactis、Engraulis japonicus、Navodon septentrionalis. The fish with IRI values of 100 to 500 is considered as common species, a total of 10 species which are Priacanthus macracanthus，Priacanthus macracanthus，Collichthys niveatus，Lepidotrigla microptera，Lophius litulon，Liparis tanakai，Lophiomus setigerus，Harpadon nehereus，Setipinna taty，Argyrosomus argentatus. Three diversity indexes which are species richness index（D）, Shannon-Wiener index（H′）, species evenness index（J′）are used to analyze the characteristics of species diversity of the fish communities. The value of D、H' and J' vary between 1.121～7.086，0.586～2.896 and 0.203～0.793 respectively.The three indexes are correlated respectively with water depth, water temperature and salinity of the bottom in positive significantly（P＜0.01）.