牙鲆3个养殖群体遗传结构的微卫星分析

采用微卫星标记分析技术，用5个多态性的微卫星标记对来自3个不同国家（中国、日本和韩国）的牙鲆养殖群体进行了遗传多样性研究。研究结果表明，3个牙鲆群体平均等位基因在4．8～5．6之间，平均观测杂合度（H0）在0．3917～0．5643之间，平均期望杂合度（HE）在0．5981～0．6264之间。有多个位点在不同的群体中偏离哈代-温伯格平衡。遗传距离分析表明，中国群体与日本群体遗传距离最近，韩国群体与日本群体遗传距离最远。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，群体内遗传变异与群体间遗传变异分别占总遗传变异的92．44％和7．56％，固定系数（R）为0．0752（P〈0．001），表明牙鲆3个养殖群体遗传分化显著。

Microsatellite marker analysis of genetic structures of three populations of cultured Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

The genetic diversity of cultured Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus from three countries （China, Japan and Korea） was studied by using five microsatellite markers. The results showed that the average number of alleles per population ranged between 4.8-5.6, and the mean observed heterozygosity （Ho） was 0. 391 7-0. 564 3, while the mean expected heterozygosity （HE） was 0. 598 1-0. 626 4. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium （HWE） test revealed several loci in some populations deviated significantly from HWE balance. Genetic distance analysis showed that the smallest distance was between Chinese and Japanese populations and the largest distance was between Korean and Japanese populations. The Fst values between populations indicated that there was significant genetic differentiation among the three cultured populations.