靖海湾松江鲈鱼种质资源保护区生态环境质量分析与评价

根据2014~2016年夏季对靖海湾松江鲈鱼国家级水产种质资源保护区表层海水中营养盐和重金属等相关环境因子的连续监测数据,运用综合质量指数法对该海域生态环境质量进行综合评价,并分别采用有机污染指数法、潜在性富营养化评价法和主成分分析法从不同方面分析该海域的水质情况。结果显示,靖海湾保护区海水环境综合质量指数范围为1.04~1.69,评价等级为轻污染。有机污染指数范围为4.66~9.23,处于严重有机污染状态。根据营养化评价模式分析得出,2014年靖海湾保护区处于富营养状态,2015年和2016年均处于氮限制潜在性富营养状态。主成分分析显示,溶解无机氮(DIN)、As、Zn具有较高正载荷,为影响该海域水质的主要环境因子,应予以重点监测和防治。

Ecological Environment Quality Analysis and Evaluation of Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel in Jinghai Bay National Germ Plasm Resource Area

The successive data of environmental factors such as nutrients and heavy metals in the surface water of Jinghai Bay Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel National Aquatic Germ Plasm Resources Conservation Area in the summer of 2014 to 2016 were used to evaluate the ecological environment quality of the survey area by the comprehensive quality index method. The organic pollution index, the potential eutrophication assessment and the principal component analysis were employed to analyze the water trophic status, the organic pollution, and the main pollution factors. The results showed that the comprehensive quality index of seawater in Jinghai Bay was 1.04~1.69. The water quality in this area was light pollution based on the relationship between the comprehensive quality index and environmental classification. The range of organic pollution index was 4.66~9.23 in 2014 to 2016, which was serious organic pollution based on the relationship between the organic pollution index and the organic pollution classification in seawater. According to the nutrition evaluation model, the nutrients levels of the survey area were rich nutrient in 2014 and potential rich nutrient with limited nitrogen in 2015 and 2016. The principal component analysis showed that DIN, As and Zn were the main environmental factors affecting the water quality of this survey area, which represent the pollution status of Jinghai Bay Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel National Aquatic Germ Plasm Resource Conservation Area from 2014 to 2016. Thus, we should pay more attention to the nutrients, organic pollution and heavy metal (As and Zn) in the process of environmental monitoring and project.