灌河和射阳河水质状况分析及主要污染物入海量估算

依据2004~2008年灌河和射阳河水质和径流量监测资料,采用内梅罗(Nemerow)指数法对两条河流水质状况进行了评价。通过对水质和径流量资料的统计分析,估算了灌河和射阳河主要污染物的年入海量,并据此分析了污染物入海对海域水环境的影响以及与近年黄海中南部浒苔Enteromorpha prolifera暴发的关系。结果显示,(1)2004~2008年灌河水质状况良好,但水质污染指数呈逐年升高趋势;2005和2007年射阳河水质为轻污染,其余年份水质为清洁。(2)不同年份灌河和射阳河年入海径流量差异较大,其变化范围:灌河在15.72×108~41.93×108m3,射阳河在28.74×108~59.96×108m3。(3)2004~2008年灌河和射阳河主要污染物(CODMn、BOD5、氨氮和挥发酚)年入海量均值分别为18794.87t和43919.24t,其中CODMn和BOD5的入海量起主导作用,占主要污染物年入海量的89%以上。(4)灌河和射阳河污染物入海对海域水环境产生了明显影响,并与近年黄海中南部浒苔暴发存在一定关联。

Analysis of water quality and assessment of major pollutants input to the sea from the Guan River and Sheyang River

According to the monitoring data of water quality and runoff volume of the Guan River and Sheyang River from 2004 to 2008,water quality assessment was done using Nemerow pollution index method and the volume of major pollutants entered the sea was assessed. Based on the research results, the influence of the pollutants on the coastal marine environment was studied, and the relationship between the change of pollutant volume and the outbreak Enteromorpha prolifera in the central and southern Yellow Sea was also analyzed. The results showed that the water quality of Guan River was good from 2004 to 2008, but the pollution index showed an upgrade tendency. The water in Sheyang River was slightly polluted in 2005 and 2007, while the water quality was good in 2004, 2006 and 2008. The runoff volume of the Guan River and Sheyang River varied obviously from 2004 to 2008, which were 15.72×108 m3 to 41.93×108 m3 and 28.74×108 m3 to 59.96×108 m3, respectively. The mean annual total volume of main pollutants(CODMn, BOD5, NH4-N and phenol) entered the sea from the Guan River and Sheyang River were 18,794.87 t and 43919.24 t, respectively. The volume of CODMn and BOD5 accounted for over 89% from 2004 to 2008 and both were the leading factors. The pollutants entered the sea from the Guan River and the Sheyang River had effected the coastal marine environment obviously, and had been related to the breaking out of Enteromorpha prolifera in the central and southern Yellow Sea in recent years.