刺参养殖池塘人工参礁生态效应的研究

研究了采用蓝网、白纱、绿纱、编布、瓦片、石头制成的各种人工参礁对刺参池塘生态系统中底栖藻类种类组成及生物量、底层溶氧和营养盐等生态因子的影响。结果表明,颜色较深的蓝网与绿纱附着底栖藻类的生物量较大;水深小于150cm时附着生物量较大;小型底栖藻类在编布、瓦片上的生物量较大;大型底栖硅藻在蓝网、绿纱、白纱等有孔网片上的生物量较大。NO3--N远远大于NH4+-N并与底栖藻类生物量的相关系数极小;而底层NH4+-N与底栖藻类生物量的相关系数较大,为0.7176;PO43--P与底栖藻类生物量的相关系数介于二者之间。人工参礁的材料、设置方式与水深是刺参池塘养殖生态系统的关键技术和条件,并具有显著的生态效应。

Study on ecoeffects of artificial reef in ecosystem of a Apostichopus japonicus pond

Artificial reef for Apostichopus japonicus cultivation were made of blue net, white gauze, green gauze, PE wove cloth, tiles and stones, and then various ecological factors were studies, including biomass of benthic algae, DO and nutrient salt of water, the locality and depth of artificial reef for Apostichopus japonicus cultivation in pond. The results are as follows:It was quite large that the biomass of benthic algae attached on dark-colored blue net and green gauze or when the water with a depth of less than 150cm; the biomass of small benthic algae was quite large on PE wove cloth and tiles; while large benthic diatom are likely adhesion on large hole net, for example blue net, white gauze and green gauze. High correlation was demonstrated between DO of bottom water and biomass of benthic algae, the coefficient being 0.8833. Although The NO3--N in the water was comparatively large that the coefficient of NO3--N was extremely small than NH4+-N of bottom water with biomass of benthic algae. The coefficient of NH4+-N of bottom water was comparatively large(0.7176) with biomass of benthic algae. Coefficient between PO43--P and biomass of benthic algae was the middle. Materials, setting way and water depth of artificial reef were key techniques and conditions culture Apostichopus japonicus in pond. It showed remarkable ecoeffects in ecosystem of a Apostichopus japonicus pond.