菲律宾蛤仔对0~#柴油和南海流花原油的生物富集动力学特征

以菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)为实验对象,基于双箱动力学模型,研究了菲律宾蛤仔肌肉和内脏组织对0~#柴油和南海流花原油的生物富集特征。采用OgirinPro 8.5软件对富集结果进行非线性拟合,获得了2种油品的吸收速率常数(k_1)、释放速率常数(k_2)、生物富集系数(BCF)、理论平衡时石油烃质量分数(CAmax)和生物学半衰期(B1/2)等动力学参数。结果表明,菲律宾蛤仔对0~#柴油和南海流花原油的k_1分别为0.921~9.74和3.43~64.2,k_2分别为0.092 8~0.134和0.100~0.189,BCF分别为6.87~94.56和34.30~379.88,CAmax分别为17.18~67.62 mg·kg~(-1)和30.38~595.24 mg·kg~(-1),B_(1/2)分别为5.17~7.47 d和3.67~6.93 d。菲律宾蛤仔对0~#柴油和南海流花原油的k_1和BCF均随着水体中石油烃浓度的增大而减小,k_2和B1/2与水体中石油烃浓度无明显相关性,CAmax随着水体中石油烃浓度的增加而增大。通过比较菲律宾蛤仔2种组织对2种油品的生物富集过程,发现菲律宾蛤仔对南海流花原油的生物富集能力强于对0~#柴油的富集能力,而内脏对石油烃的生物富集能力高于肌肉。

Accumulation kinetic characteristics of No.0 diesel and South China Sea Liuhua crude oil in Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum)

We studied the accumulation kinetic characteristics of No.0 diesel and South China Sea Liuhua crude oil in the mussles and viscera of Ruditapes philippinarum based on the two-compartment model. By the nonlinear curve fitting analysis with OriginPro 8.5,we obtained the kinetic parameters of No.0 diesel and South China Sea Liuhua crude oil,including uptake rate constant (k1),elimination rate constant (k2),accumulation factor (BCF),theoretical equilibrium concentration (CAmax) and biological half-life (B1/2). The results show that for No.0 diesel oil in R.philippinarum,the ranges of k1,k2,BCF,CAmax and B1/2 were 0.921~9.74, 0.092 8~0.134,6.87~94.56,17.18~67.62 mg·kg-1 and 5.17~7.47 d,respectively;while for the accumulation of South China Sea Liuhua crude oil,the ranges of k1, k2,BCF,CAmax and B1/2 were 3.43~64.2,0.100~0.189,34.30~379.88,30.38~595.24 mg·kg-1 and 3.67~6.93 d,respectively. It is found that k1 and BCF of R.philippinarum decreased with the increase of petroleum hydrocarbons exposure concentration. However,k2 and B1/2 were not significantly related with the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in ambient seawater. By comparing the accumulation process of two oils in two tissues of R.philippinarum,we conclude that the accumulation ability of South China Sea Liuhua crude oil is stronger than that of No.0 diesel oil,and the accumulation ability of viscera is stronger than that of mussles.