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Association between bacterial community structures and mortality of fish larvae in intensive rearing systems
Authors:Gentoku Nakase  Yoshizumi Nakagawa  Shigeru Miyashita  Toshiro Nasu  Shigeharu Senoo  Hiroko Matsubara  Mitsuru Eguchi
Institution:(1) Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, 631-8505 Nara, Japan;(2) Fisheries Laboratory of Kinki University, 3153, Shirahama, 649-2211 Wakayama, Japan;(3) Borneo Marine Research Institute of University Malaysia Sabah, Locked Bag 2073, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Abstract:Bacterial community structures were analyzed in water used for rearing fish larvae by fluorescence in situ hybridization. In Experiment 1, red sea bream Pagrus major larvae were reared in two commercial seed production tanks. The survival rate in Tank 1 was higher than in Tank 2, even though phytoplankton, Nannochloropsis sp., was added to both tanks. In Tank 2, γ-proteobacteria became dominant (∼70% of total bacteria) on day 13, there after heavy larval mortalities occurred. In Tank 1, however, α-proteobacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster were predominant from day − 1 until day 13; no significant mortality was recorded. In Experiment 2, marble goby Oxyeleotris marmoratus larvae were cultured with or without Nannochloropsis sp. At the end of the experiment, larval survival rates in aquaria with Nannochloropsis sp. were significantly (P <0.05) higher than those without. In rearing water without Nannochloropsis sp., γ-proteobacteria increased during rearing. In rearing water with Nannochloropsis sp., α-prote obacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster were predominant at the beginning of the experiments and the relative abundance of γ-proteobacteria was maintained at a lower level throughout the experiments. The predominance of α-proteobacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster appears to be a good indicator of successful larval production.
Keywords:bacterial community structure  fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)  larval mortality  larval rearing  phytoplankton
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