烟台四十里湾扇贝养殖区水环境质量研究与评价

根据2016年4—11月对烟台四十里湾扇贝养殖区环境的监测数据,分析了四十里湾海域海水基本理化指标及月变化趋势,并采用有机污染评价指数法(A)、营养状态指数法(E)、海水营养状态质量指数法(NQI)以及内梅罗环境质量综合评价指数法对其水环境质量状况进行了综合评价。结果表明:四十里湾扇贝养殖区海水温度、pH和盐度的变化范围分别是10.06~20.00℃、7.85~8.25和29.61~30.31,均适合扇贝养殖;溶解氧(DO)、化学需氧量(COD)以及硫化物均符合海水水质一、二类标准,活性磷(DIP)在10月个别养殖区超出海水水质二类标准,总无机氮(DIN)在4月和10月个别养殖区同样超出海水水质二类标准;5—7月环境质量良好,其他月份出现了不同程度的有机污染以及富营养化现象。总体而言,烟台四十里湾扇贝养殖区水环境质量符合扇贝养殖I类区或II类区的要求,但应注意对养殖区的保护,特别是控制陆源污染物的输入。

Study and evaluation on water environment quality of scallops culture area of Sishili Bay in Yantai

According to the environmental detection of the scallops culture area at Sishili Bay of Yantai in 2016 from April to November,the basic physical and chemical indexes and the change trend of the sea in Sishili Bay were analyzed.The assessment of organic pollution index(A),nutritional index(E),seawater nutrient quality index(NQI)and Nemerow comprehensive evaluation of environmental quality index were used to evaluate the water environment quality in Sishili Bay.The results showed that:the sea water temperature,pH as well as salinity in Sishili Bay were suitable for scallops culture and the range of variation of which were 10.06~20.00℃,7.85~8.25 and 29.61~30.31,respectively;the dissolved oxygen(DO),pH,chemical oxygen demand(COD)and sulfide were in accordance with the first or second category of national quality standards,the total inorganic phosphorus(DIP)at some scallops culture areas exceeded the second category standards of national quality in October,total inorganic nitrogen(DIN)at some scallops culture areas exceeded the second category standards of national quality in April and October;The environmental quality was good from May to July,and the other months are subjected to varying degrees of organic pollution and eutrophication.Overall,the Sishili Bay scallops culture areas were in line with the first or second classes of requirements of scallops culture area,but we should pay attention to the protection of scallops culture area,especially the control of land sourced pollutants input.