渔业生态环境保护与生物技术

良好的生态环境是渔业可持续发展的基本条件。采用生物技术来保护渔业生态环境已成为研究的热点之一。本文主要介绍生物技术在渔业生态环境保护中的应用进展，内容包括三个方面，一是应用核酸探针和PCR等技术检测养殖生态环境中的病原微生物；二是应用生物传感器等检测渔业环境中的氨氮、BOD等；三是构建不同类型的工程菌迅速降解石油污染物，分解有机物和农药等以修复渔业生态环境。随着生物技术的发展，生物技术在渔业生态环境保护中呈现出广阔的应用前景。

Fishery Environmental Protection and Biotechnology

It is becoming one of the hottest study fields in the world to protect fishery ecological environment by means of marine biotechnology, because of being essential to create a favorable environment for fishery sustainable development. Three measures for fishery environment protection are recommended in this paper; (1) to detect the pathogenic microbes in aquaculture environment by the techniques of nucleic acid probes and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) , (2) to monitor environmental parameters such as ammonium and Biochemical Oxygen Demand ( BOD) by the biosensors and (3) to accelerate the degradations of petroleum , pesticide and other organic pollutants by constructing a variety of engineering microbes for remedying fishery ecological environment. It is believed that the marine biotechnology will be more and more applied to the fishery environment protection with its development in the future.