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福建诏安湾贝类产区生态环境质量评价与划型研究
引用本文:钟硕良,阮金山,席英玉,吴立峰,郑盛华,杨妙峰,余颖,陈宇锋.福建诏安湾贝类产区生态环境质量评价与划型研究[J].福建水产,2012,34(4):268-277.
作者姓名:钟硕良  阮金山  席英玉  吴立峰  郑盛华  杨妙峰  余颖  陈宇锋
作者单位:福建省水产研究所,厦门,361013
基金项目:2009年连江县、诏安县海水贝类生产区划型(闽海渔2009-125)致谢:福建省水产研究所苏捷;何丽斌;吴建绍;许贻斌;罗冬莲;郑惠东;蔡建堤、姜双城同志参加了采样和部分样品的分析工作;诏安县海洋与渔业局汤穆顺、沈俊发、陈建武、沈钦隆同志参与采样并为贝类生产区划型提供了许多宝贵意见;在此一并致谢
摘    要:根据2009年3、5和9月福建诏安湾贝类产区海水、底质和养殖贝类体中有毒有害物质(铜、铅、镉、汞、砷、石油类、有机碳、硫化物、滴滴涕、多氯联苯、大肠菌群、腹泻性贝毒、麻痹性贝毒)的同步调查资料,采用海水质量评价指数(Swj)、底质质量评价指数(Ssj)和贝类质量评价指数(Soj)以及贝类产区生态环境质量综合评价指数(SI),对福建诏安湾贝类产区生态环境质量进行了综合评价和划型。结果表明,海水质量、底质质量和养殖贝类质量水平范围均为2~6级,平均值分别为3级、4级和2级,贝类产区生态环境质量为2~6级,平均值为3级。总体上,贝类产区海水质量处于较好水平,底质量处于一般水平,养殖贝类质量处于良好水平。贝类产区生态环境质量处于较好水平。其主要污染物为石油类、大肠杆菌、滴滴涕和多氯联苯。福建诏安湾贝类产区无1类区,属自然本底区;2类区共15个,占贝类产区总数的88%,其中2a类区6个,占贝类产区总数的35%,属清洁区,2b类区5个,占贝类产区总数的30%,属较清洁区,2c类区4个,占贝类产区总数的24%,属轻度污染区;3类区共2个,占贝类产区总数的12%,其中3a类区和3b类区各1个,均占贝类产区总数的6%,分别属中度污染区和重度污染区。福建诏安湾贝类产区生态环境质量的综合评价和划型的结果与诏安湾贝类产区污染现状相一致。

关 键 词:海水  底质  养殖贝类  环境评价与划型  福建诏安湾

Study on assessment and categorization for the eco- environmental quality of shellfish - culture regions in Zhao'an Bay, Fujian province
ZHONG Shuo-Liang,Ruan Jin-shan,XI Ying-Yu,WU Li-Feng,ZHENG Sheng-Hua,YANG Miao-Feng,YU Ying,CHEN Yu-Feng.Study on assessment and categorization for the eco- environmental quality of shellfish - culture regions in Zhao'an Bay, Fujian province[J].Journal of Fujian Fisheries,2012,34(4):268-277.
Authors:ZHONG Shuo-Liang  Ruan Jin-shan  XI Ying-Yu  WU Li-Feng  ZHENG Sheng-Hua  YANG Miao-Feng  YU Ying  CHEN Yu-Feng
Institution:(Fujian Fishery Research Institute, Xiamen 361013, China)
Abstract:According to the data of eco - environmental survey from the shellfish - culture areas of Zhao'an Bay in March, June and September 2009, deleterious substances (such as Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, petroleum, HCH, sulphide, DDT, PCBs, coliforms, Escherichia coli, DSP and PSP) in seawater, surface sediments and fishery organisms were detected and analyzed. Eco - environmental qualities of those areas were assessed and classified by single index method of seawater quality, surface sediment quality or shellfish - culture quality, and synthesis assessment index method of the whole eco - environmental quality. The results showed that the quality grades of seawater, surface sediment and shellfish - culture, all ranged from grade 2 to grade 6, with an average of grade 3, grade 4 and grade 2, respectively. The shellfish - culture areas' eco - environmental quality grade also ranged from grade 2 to grade 6, mean of grade 3. Overall, the quality of eco - environmental survey in the shellfish culture areas of Zhao'an Bay was in relatively good level, since the quality was relatively good level by seawater, general level by surface sediments and good level by shellfish - culture areas. And the major contaminants were petroleum, Escherichia coli, DDT and PCBs. There was no area in the shellfish areas of Zhao'an Bay belonged to the first kind or natural background. And there were 15 areas belonged to the second kind, occupying 88% of all areas, while 2a kind in clean had 6 areas, occupying 35% of all areas, 2b kind in relatively clean had 5 areas, occupying 30%, 2c kind in light pollution had 4 areas, occupying 24%. In addition, there were 2 areas belonged to the third kind, while 3a kind in middle pollution or 3b kind in serious pollution had one area occupying 6%, respectively. It was the same with the results of eco - environmental synthesis assessment and categorization of Zhao'an shellfish regions and its environmental pollution present situation.
Keywords:Seawater  surface sediment  culture shellfish  assessment and classification of environmentalquality  Zhao'an Bay of Fujian province
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