厦门筼筜湖大型底栖生物调查及其评价

于2007年8月至2008年5月，对筼筜湖外湖深水区（YD-Ⅰ）、内湖（YD-Ⅱ）及干渠浅水区（YD-Ⅲ）3个调查站位进行冬、春、夏、秋4个生物季节的大型底栖生物调查，调查共鉴定大型底栖生物（Macrobenthos）9种，隶属于3门3纲8科9属。其中多毛类种数最多，达5种，双壳类软体动物2种及端足类甲壳动物2种。小头虫（Capitella capitata Fabricius）和腺带刺沙蚕（Neaethes glandicincta Southern）2种多毛类是筼筜湖底栖生物群落的优势种群。筼筜湖年总生物量为59．83g/m^2，总栖息密度为1168个／m^2。三个站位四季总体上内湖（YD-Ⅱ）的多样性指数（H’），均匀度指数（J）丰富度指数（d）和优势度指数（D2）相对较高，外湖（YD-Ⅰ）及干渠浅水区（YD-Ⅲ）的各项生态特征指数明显较低，筼筜湖底栖生物群落组成、结构、时空变化与环境密切相关，湖区生境脆弱。

Investigation and Assessment on the Macrobenthos of Yuandang Lake in Xiamen

Three stations were established to investigate the macrnhenthos in Yuandang Lake in Xiamen during the period of August 2007 and May 2008. Three stations were deep water district of lake （ YD- Ⅰ ）, interior lake （ YD- Ⅱ ） and shallow water of district of trunk （ YD- Ⅲ ）. A total of 9 species were identified in the macrobenthos, which belong to 3 phyla, 3 classes, 8 families and 9 genera, among which there were 5 species of Polychaeta, 2 species of Mollusca, and 2 species of Amphipoda. Capitella capitata （Fabrieius） and Neaethes glandicineta （Southern） are the dominant species in benthic community. The total biomass is 59. 83g/m^2, and the total inhabited density is 1168ind./m^2. Shannon-Wiener information index diversity （H＇）, Pielou＇s evenness index （J）, Margalef＇s species richness index （d）, and Simpson＇s dominance index （D2 ） of species in YD-Ⅱ were higher than other stations. Benthic community composition, structure, and spatio-temporal variation closely related to the environment in Yuandang Lake. The ecological environment of Yuandang Lake is frangible.