大黄鱼（♀）与黄姑鱼（♂）人工杂交子代的胚胎发育

2008年10月,在福建宁德水产技术推广站进行了大黄鱼（Pseudosciaena crocea,♀）×黄姑鱼（Nibea alb-iflora,♂）杂交,观察了杂交子代胚胎发育。大黄鱼和黄姑鱼亲鱼平均体质量和体长分别为405 g、27.9 cm和390g、24.8cm,采用干法人工授精。受精卵浮性,为单油球端黄卵,卵径1060～1500μm,油球379.8μm左右。在水温25.8～26.2℃,盐度26的条件下,经18h55min半数受精卵破膜,胚胎发育分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、肌节出现期、心跳期、肌肉效应期、出膜前期和出膜期,初孵仔鱼全长2.75～2.98mm,受精率约为14.4%,孵化率约为31.9%,畸形率约为30%。共培育杂交初孵仔鱼5万尾。3日龄仔鱼开口摄食轮虫,7日龄开始摄食小型挠足类。

Embryonic Development of Hybrids of Large Yellow Croaker（Pseudosciaena crocea,♀）×Spotted Maigre（Nibea albiflora,♂）

Hybridization of large yellow croaker（Pseudosciaena crocea,♀） with mean body weight of 405 g,and mean body length of 27.9 cm.× spotted maigre（Nibea albiflora,♂）with with mean body weight of 390 g,and mean body length of 24.8 cm was artificially performed by dry fertilization and the embryonic development was observed in October of 2008.The pelagic fertilized eggs were 1.18mm in diameter,and had one oil globule with 379.8μm diameter in average.The fertilized eggs were incubated in sea water at a water temperature of 25.8 ~ 26.2℃ and a salinity of 26 and hatched by 18 h 55 min.The embryonic development of the hybrids was divided into egg cleavage stage,blastula stage,gastrula stage,heart beating stage,muscular contraction stage and hatching stage.The newly hatched larvae had total body length of 2.75 ~ 2.98 mm,with deformity of about 30%,fertilization success of 14.4%,and hatching rate of 31.9%.About 50000 larvae were obtained,beginning to feed rotifer as natural food three days after hatching,and ingesting copepods as food seven days after hatching.