乌苏里江下游浮游动物群落结构及在河流健康评价中的地位

2010年5月（春季）、7月（夏季）、10月（秋季）对乌苏里江下游浮游动物的群落结构、季节变动、多样性及在河流健康评价中的地位进行了调查与研究,旨为乌苏里江渔业资源增殖放流提供背景资料。结果表明,乌苏里江下游（海青-乌苏镇江段）以原生动物（数量占87.7%）和轮虫（生物量占68.4%）为主,趋向小型化,且浮游动物的多样性较为丰富,为乌苏里江下游大麻哈鱼等许多名优水产动物的繁殖、育肥提供丰富的饵料基础。浮游动物个体较小、数量多、代谢活动强烈、繁殖迅速、易于散布,能对水体提供快速的早期反映;是食物网的重要基础环节,在水域生态系统的物质循环与能量流动中占有重要地位,是河流水生生物资源的重要组成部分,是河流健康评价的重要指标之一。

Zooplankton Community Structure and Current Status in River Health Assessment for the Lower Branch of River Wusuli

Seasonal changes and horizontal distribution of zooplankton community structure and diversity were investigated in the lower branch of River Wusuli in spring（May）,summer（July） and autumn（October） of 2010.The results showed that the zooplankton population was heavily comprised of Protozoa（abundance of 87.8 %）,and Rotifera（biomass of 68.4 %） in which there were small dominant species in size and higher diversity,supplying abundant natural food resources for many excellent native aquatic animals,especially for Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum in the lower branch of River Wusuli where was the important reproductive and growth grounds of the excellent native aquatic animals in China.The abundant zooplankton featuring active metabolism,rapid reproduction,and wide distribution had a great role in material circulation and energy flow because it was the important part of aquatic ecological system in River Wusuli.Also,the zooplankton was characterized by sensitive reflection to changes in water quality,and then was widely used in river health assessment.