两种鲤鲫杂交回交子代染色体核型分析及比较

采用PHA和秋水仙素体内注射制备两种鲤鲫杂交回交子代鱼（鲤鲫杂交♀×德国镜鲤♂；鲤鲫杂交♀×鲤♂）的染色体。结果表明：两种鲤鲫杂交回交子代染色体组由150条染色体组成，按着丝粒位置染色体组型可分为四组，每个染色体小组均由三条同源染色体组成。其中鲤鲫杂交♀×鲤♂回交的染色体数目为3n=150，染色体臂数NF=234，其核型公式为：3n=60m＋24sin＋36st＋30t；鲤鲫杂交♀×德国镜鲤♂回交染色体数目为3n=150，染色体臂数NF=258，其核型公式为：3n=63m＋45sin＋12st＋30t。

The Analysis and Comparison of Karyotypes in Backcross Progeny from Common Carp and Crucian Carp

The chromosomes were prepared in the backcross progenies from female hybrids of common carp and crucian carp crossed with male mirror carp and common carp by injection of PHA and colchieines. Results showed that the genome ofbackcross progenies consists of 150 chromosomes which can be divided into four groups according to the centromere site. Each chromosome subgroup is made up of three homologous chromosomes. The chromosome number of the progenies from the female hybrids of common carp and crucian carp crossed with the male common carp is 3 n = 150, the number of chromosome arms 234,and the karyotype formula 3n = 60m ＋ 24sm ＋36st ＋ 30t. The chromosome number of the backcross progenies from female hybrids of common carp and crucian carp crossed with male mirror carp is 3n = 150,the number of chromosome arms 258, and the karvotvoe formula 3n = 63m ＋ 45sm ＋12st ＋30t.