山西省主要河流鱼类分布及物种多样性分析

在2008-2011年山西省鱼类本地调查基础上，研究了山西省主要河流鱼类种群、区系分布、渔获物组成、河流断面优势种、主要经济鱼类生长及鱼类资源状况等。结果显示：山西省主要河流中共有95种鱼类，分属8目14科。本次调查采集到鱼类68种，其中黄河干流最多，计42种。从渔获物组成看，各河段的第一优势种为麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora parva或 Hemiculter leucisculus；经济鱼类中，丰满度系数最大的为滹沱河的鲫鱼Carassius auratus、最小的为黄河干流的乌苏里拟鲿Pseudobagrus ussuriensis；多样性指数最高的为黄河干流，该河段物种丰富，多样性水平相对较高；鱼类资源变化表明，山西省主要河流鱼类资源量呈锐减趋势。

Fish Distribution and Species Diversity in Major Rivers in Shanxi Province

The fish populations, faunistical distribution, catch composition, dominant species, growth of the main economically impor-tant fishes and fish resources conditions were studied in major rivers in Shanxi province based on the 2008-2011 survey of fishes in Shanxi province. The results showed that there were 95 species of fishes, belonging to 8 orders and 14 famillies in the main rivers in Shanxi province. A total of 68 species of fishes were collected in this investigation, 42 species （the most） in the Yellow River. The first dominant species was Hemicuher leucisculus or topmouth gudgeon （Pseudorasbora parva）, both of which were small fish. Analy-sis of the growth of economically improtant fishes revealed that the maximal coefficient of fullness was found in crucian carp （Caras-sius auratus ） in Hutuo River, and the minimal coefficient of fullness was found to be Pseudobagrus ussuriensis in the Yellow River. The maximal diversity index was observed in the main Yellow River sections, with high fish species richness and diversity level. The fish resources in the main rivers in Shanxi province were showed to be a decline trend.