野生江鳕肌肉氨基酸含量及其营养评价

采用酸水解法测定野生江鳕（Lota lota）的肌肉氨基酸含量，分析其氨基酸的种类与比例，并对其营养成分进行评价。结果表明：江鳕肌肉中含有17种氨基酸，总含量为（72.43±1.16）%（干样），其中7种为人体必需氨基酸（EAA），总量为（29.82±0.57）%，占氨基酸总量的41.17%，其中必需氨基酸的组成比例与联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织（FAO/WHO）的标准相符。江鳕的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸＋胱氨酸，4种鲜味氨基酸（DAA）总量为（28.34±0.35）%（干样）。必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）为62.58。研究表明：江鳕含有丰富的氨基酸具有很高的营养价值和保健作用。

Nutritional Evaluation of Amino Acids in the Muscle of Lota lota

In order to understand the nutritive quality in the muscle of Lota lota and to evaluate the potential of the species as a diet source, the amino acid composition in muscle of wild Lota Iota （captured in Hailang section of Mudan River） were determined by an automatic amino acid analyzer. The results showed that seventeen common amino acids were found in the muscle oflota and including 7 kinds of essential amino acids （Thr,Val,Met,Phe,lle,Leu and Lys）, 2 kinds of half-essential amino acid （His and Arg）, 8 kinds of nonessential amino acids （Asp, Glu, Ser, Gly, Ala, Tyr, Cys and Pro）. In dry sample,the total content of amino acids （TAA） was （72.43± 1.16） %; the contents ofEAA, HEAA and NEAA were （29.82± 0.57） %, （6.43± 0.09） % and （36.18±0.50） %, respec-tively. Four kinds of delicious amino acids （DAA） accounted for （28.34±0.35） % in dry sample; the ratio of total delicious amino acids to total amino acids （WDAA/WTAA） was 39.13%. The essential amino acids index （EAAI） was 62.58, the ratio of total essen-tial amino acids to total amino acids （WEAA/WTAA） was 41.17%, and the ratio of total essential amino acids to total non-essential amino acids （WEAA/WNEAA） was 82.42%. It was clear that the content of the different amino acids was stable and the constitution-al rate of the EAAs met the FAO/WHO standards. According to nutrition evaluation in amino acids score （AAS） and chemical score （CS）, the first limited amino acid was （Met ± Cys）. The contents of EPA and DHA in fatty acids were （8.65±0.78 ） % and （20.32±0.81 ）%, respectively, which were much higher than those of most fish species. In conclusion, the study results indicated that the amino acid content in the meat of Lota Iota was higher, and the composition of amino acid was reasonable, thus, it is a high quality food fish for human. It indicated that Lota Iota was one of freshwater fishes with high nutritive value, deserving exploitation and utilization.