膨化与非膨化饲料对大规格草鱼生长、体成分及部分生理生化指标影响

以商业配方为基础，配制膨化饲料和非膨化饲料饲喂初始体重（394.96±13.21g）草鱼（Ctenopharynodon idellus）120天，旨在对比这两种饲料对其生长、体成分及部分生理生化指标的影响。养殖试验在水库网箱（2m×2m×2m）中进行，每个处理组3个重复，每个重复30尾鱼。实验结果表明，与非膨化料组相比，膨化饲料组草鱼成活率和增重率显著提高（P＜0.05），饵料系数显著降低（P＜0.05），增重成本显著降低（P＜0.05）；肥满度、肝体比、脏体比和肠体比显著升高（P＜0.05）；鱼体血清血糖、甘油三酯、总固醇和过氧化氢酶显著升高（P＜0.05）；胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶显著降低（P＜0.05）；肝脏谷丙转氨酶（GPT）显著升高，谷草转氨酶（GOT）显著降低（P＜0.05）；鱼体成分中水分和灰分无显著差异（P>0.05），粗脂肪显著升高、粗蛋白显著降低（P＜0.05）。综上所述，与非膨化饲料相比，饲喂膨化饲料可使大规格草鱼生长性能和养殖效益提高，但会鱼体肥满度和粗脂肪含量提高。

Effects of Extruded and Pelleted feed on the Growth, Body Composition and some Physiological-Biochemical Indexes of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella

A 120-day feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of extruded and pelleted feed on growth performance, body composition and some physiological and biochemical indexes in grass carp (Ctenopharynodon idellus) (mean initial body weight, 394.96±13.21g). Culture experiments were carried out in the cage of the reservoir, and the cage size was 2 m * 2 m * 2 m. Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate tanks, and each tank was stocked with 30 fish. The results showed that, compared to the pelleted feed group, survival rate and weight gain rate in grass carp fed the diet with expanded feed increased significantly (P < 0.05), feed coefficient and cost all decreased significantly (P <0.05). fatness, liver body ratio, organ body ratio and intestinal body ratio increased significantly (P <0.05); fish serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and catalase increased significantly (P <0.05); trypsin, amylase and lipase were decreased significantly (P <0.05); liver GPT increased significantly, GOT decreased significantly (P <0.05); there was no significant difference between the moisture and ash of the fish body composition (P>0.05), crude fat, crude protein increased decreased significantly (P <0.05). In conclusion, compared to pelleted feed, extruded feed could increase the growth performance and feeding efficiency of large-scale grass carp, but increased the condition factor and crude fat content of fish.