南昌市3个城中湖泊夏季轮虫和甲壳类群落特征及水质评价

为探究城市湖泊浮游动物群落结构特征和分布与水环境因子之间的关系，并评价南昌市典型城市湖泊夏季水质状况，运用多维尺度分析（MDS）和典范对应分析（CCA）方法，对南昌3个城市湖泊———东湖、青山湖、月亮湖的轮虫和甲壳类浮游动物群落进行了研究，分析了浮游动物的多样性指数。结果表明，轮虫是夏季城市湖泊中浮游动物的优势类群，优势度（Y）大于0．02的浮游动物分别为剪形臂尾轮虫（Brachionus forficula）、裂足臂尾轮虫（Brachionus diversicornis）、萼花臂尾轮虫（Brachionus calyciflorus）、桡足类无节幼体（Copepoda nauplii）和卜氏晶囊轮虫（Asplanchna brightwelli）；3个湖泊之间浮游动物的群落结构差异显著（P ＜0．05），明显划分为东湖群落、青山湖群落和月亮湖群落。叶绿素 a 浓度、浊度和溶氧是浮游动物分布的显著影响因子（P ＜0．05）。多样性指数评价显示，东湖为清洁型水体，青山湖为清洁－中污型水体，月亮湖为轻污－中污型水体。综合评价表明，东湖和青山湖水体为寡营养水平，月亮湖为中富营养水平。

Characterization of Summer Zooplankton (Rotifer and Crustacean) Community and Water Quality Assessment of Three Typical Nanchang Lakes

Zooplankton (Rotifers and Crustacean) communities of three urban lakes were studied in summer 2013. Multidimensional scaling analysis and canonical correspondence analysis were used to analyze the community structure characteristics of zooplankton, relationships between zooplankton distribution and water environmental factors. Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou evenness index and species richness index of zooplankton were used to assess the pollution state of typical urban lakes of Nanchang. The study found rotifers were the dominant groups. The dominance value (Y) of Brachionus forficula, Brachionus diversicornis, Brachionus calyciflorus, Copepod nauplii and Asplanchna brightwelli is greater than 0.02, which were the dominant species. There was significant difference of zooplankton communities between three urban lakes (P < 0.05). Zooplankton communities could be divided into three communities, which were Qingshan Lake community, Donghu Lake community and Yueliang Lake community. Chlorophyll-a concentration, turbidity and dissolved oxygen is significant water factors that affected the distribution of zooplankton (P < 0.05). According diversity index of zooplankton and pollution indicator species of rotifer, water quality of Donghu Lake was cleaning type, Qingshan Lake is between cleaning type and moderate pollution type and Yueliang Lake is between light pollution and moderate pollution. In summary, Donghu Lake and Qingshan Lake are oligotrophic type lake and Yueliang Lake is eutrophic type lake.