杭州城市河道生态治理实践及成效

评估杭州市城市河道生态治理成效,为更好地指导城市河道生态修复工作提供借鉴。后横港、沿山河、新塘河和南大河位于杭州市中心城区,水质都处于劣V类,蓝藻水华和黑臭暴发频繁,从2014年开始,分别开展了一系列生态修复工程。测定氨氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数、溶解氧指标判断水质改善情况,分析浮游植物、浮游动物、底栖动物判断水体生态修复程度。氨氮后横港下降超过80%,沿山河和南大河下降60%左右;总磷后横港下降接近70%,其他河道下降23%~55%;后横港、沿山河、新塘河高锰酸盐指数进一步降低,部分河道高锰酸盐指数能达到II类水水平;溶解氧浓度都明显上升,均能达到III类以上水平。南大河的浮游植物密度达到了水华暴发的水平;各条河道的原生动物和轮虫类密度都较高,但Shannon多样性指数普遍在1~2;枝角类和桡足类密度偏低;底栖动物Shannon指数均低于1,指示河道处于严重污染状态。杭州市城市河道生态治理工作的中心是:沉水植物恢复及以沉水植物恢复为基础、包含浮游动物和底栖动物等在内全水域生物多样性恢复的生态系统恢复。

The practiceSand Achievement of EcologicalSTreatment on City Rivers in Hangzhou

In this study, four rivers for ecological demonstration in Hangzhou city, including Xintang River, Yanshan River, Nanda river and Houheng river are surveyed. For evaluating the practice and achievement of ecological treatment on city rivers in Hangzhou, the methods and effects of ecological treatment have been summarized and analyzed. After different ecological treatments, the water quality of these rivers improve obviously. Submerged macrophyte recovering plays the most obviously role for water quality improving. Ammonia is reduced most efficiently by ecological treatments, but the reducing of phosphorus needs the help of other treatments. Flow rate could affect the effect of ecological treatments. In general, the ecological treatment on city rivers in Hangzhou has made remarkable progress, but the recovery of biological diversity and river ecosystem should be furtherSstrengthened.