鱼类对溶解气体过饱和水体的敏感性分析

大坝泄洪可携带大量空气进入水中,导致下游河道出现溶解气体过饱和,给水生生物特别是鱼类的生存造成威胁。通过自行设计的室内试验装置,研究了影响溶解气体过饱和度的因素及不同鱼类对气体溶解过饱和的敏感性。鱼类暴露在溶解气体过饱和环境中易出现突眼、充血和气泡等气泡病症状。鲢、鳙和鳊在溶解气体含量高的水体中容易患气泡病,草鱼和鲫稍次,基本可以忽略溶解气体过饱和对黄颡鱼和鲶的影响。

Analysis on Sensitivity of Fishes to Dissolved Gas Supersaturated Water

Dam discharge can carry a lot of air into the water,resulting gas supersaturation in downstream river,and this poses a threat to aquatic organisms,especially to fishes.This study aims at analyzing the sensitivity of fishes to dissolved gas supersaturated water.Through self-designed model experiments,the factors that affect dissolved gas supersaturtion and sensitivity of different fishes to dissolved gas supersaturated water were studied.The results showed that fishes exposed to dissolved gas supersaturated water proned to suffer gas bubble disease of proptosis and hyperemia or other symptoms.Silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix),bighead carp(Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and bream(Parabramis pekinensis) were more likely to suffer from bubble disease than grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and crucian carp(Carassius auratus) when exposed to high dissolved gas supersutration water.While the impact of dissolved gas superaturation caused by dam discharge to yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and catfish(Silurus asotus) can be ignored.